N + 이다

2010-01-12T05:33:31Z

Hyunwoosun: /* Incompatible Grammar Patterns */

==Description==
'''Noun + 이다''' : This is a special type of verb (copula) that links the subject of a sentence with a predicate (a subject complement or an adverbial). In English, this pattern would translate '''to be''', '''am''', '''is''', '''are''', '''being''', '''was''', '''were''', '''been'''.

===Notes===
*The opposite pattern is [[아니다]](to not be).
*There are no command or suggestion forms.
*Although mostly attached to nouns, noun like expressions can also be attached.
*There are various grammar patterns that can't be used with 이다, see the [[이다#Incompatible_Grammar_Patterns|incompatible grammar patterns]] section below.

==Conjugation Rule==


===High Form===

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Pattern !! Case !! Example
|-
| Noun + 입니다
| Formal style ([[받침]] or no [[받침]])
| 의사입니다, 선생님입니다
|-
| Noun + 예요
| If there is no [[받침]] (informal polite)
| 의사예요
|-
| Noun + 이에요
| If there is a [[받침]] (informal polite)
| 선생님이에요
|}
===Low Form===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Pattern !! Case !! Example
|-
| Noun + 야
| If there is no [[받침]]
| 의사야
|-
| Noun + 이야
| If there is a [[받침]]
| 선생님이야
|}

==Sentence Examples==
{{Example table
|Korex1 =저는 미국인입니다.
|Engex1 =I'm an American.
|Comment1 =Formal form
|Korex2 =여기는 한국입니다.
|Engex2 =This is Korea.
|Comment2 =Formal form
|Korex3 =저의 이름은 철수예요.
|Engex3 =My name is Chul Su.
|Comment3 =Polite informal form
|Korex4 =쟤는 제 친구예요.
|Engex4 =That person is my friend.
|Comment4 =Polite informal form
|Korex5 =그것은 제 지갑이에요.
|Engex5 =It is my wallet.
|Comment5 =Polite informal form
|Korex6 =저는 학생이에요.
|Engex6 =I'm a student.
|Comment6 =Polite informal form
|Korex7 =벌써 겨울이야.
|Engex7 =It's already winter.
|Comment7 =Low form
|Korex8 =우리 개는 푸들이야.
|Engex8 =My dog is a poodle.
|Comment8 =Low form
|Korex9 =브래드 피트는 내가 가장 좋아하는 배우야.
|Engex9 =Brad Pitt is my favorite actor.
|Comment9 =Low form
|Korex10 =오늘이 내 생일이야.
|Engex10 =Today is my birthday.
|Comment10 = Low form
}}

==Incompatible Grammar Patterns==
Grammar patterns that can't be used with 이다
*

==See Also==
*[[아니다]]

[[Category:SNU Level 1 Grammar|ㅇ]]

Hangeul step 1

2009-12-23T08:22:53Z

Hyunwoosun: /* Brief history */

{{HangeulTop}}

Welcome. Unlike Japanese and Chinese, the basics of the Korean script can be learned in a matter of hours. The only way to accurately pronounce Korean words is to use the Korean script. English and Korean do not have perfectly matching sounds, so using [[Romanization]] is mostly a bad idea. We have created a 6 step lesson plan and have employed various methods to help others learn the Korean script quickly and effectively. After finishing the 6 step lesson, you should also visit the [[consonant assimilation]] pages for advanced pronunciation rules. This project is still under construction and the recording of each vocal sound is still in process, please be patient. As time permits, each page will be gradually finished. We would also like to hear your input on the [[Talk:Learn_hangeul|talk page]]. Thank you for your patience --[[User:Bluesoju|Bluesoju]] 12:32, 7 June 2009 (UTC)

==Brief history==
''See full article at [[Wikipedia:Origin_of_Hangul|The Origin of Hangeul]]''
[[Image:Hunmin jeong-eum.jpg|thumb|right|200px|A page from the Hunmin Jeong-eum Eonha]]
Hangul was introduced under Sejong the Great and finished around 1444. Up until and even after that time, Chinese characters were used as the written language which limited reading and writing to the royal and government elite. King Sejong wanted Korea to have its own script which was easier for the commoner to use. Hangeul was said to be easy enough to learn that a wise man could finish it in the morning and a fool could finish it by night. For that reason, there was opposition to Hangeul for a long time by the aristocrats who thought learning Hangeul was only for Women or the poor.

Ever since Hangeul was first introduced, it went through many phases of being refined. Korean went through a large reformation during the Japanese colonization in the early 1900's, removing many of the now archaic letters and changing some rules.

For those interested in learning Korean Sign Language (KSL), please see the page on [[sign language]].
{{-}}

==Letters==
Korean is very differentiated from the other Asian languages in that it uses letters that are arranged in character form. Just like English, letters are classified as either consonants or vowels.
===Consonants===
*[[:Category:Simple consonants|Simple]]: [[ㄱ]], [[ㄴ]], [[ㄷ]], [[ㄹ]], [[ㅁ]], [[ㅂ]], [[ㅅ]], [[ㅇ]], [[ㅈ]], [[ㅎ]]
*[[:Category:Tense consonants|Tense consonants]] or glottalized (written as two simple consonants and involve tensing up the mouth): [[ㄲ]], [[ㄸ]], [[ㅃ]], [[ㅆ]], [[ㅉ]]
*[[:Category:Aspirated consonants|Aspirated]] (blowing more air than the simple consonant it's based on): [[ㅊ]], [[ㅋ]], [[ㅌ]], [[ㅍ]]
*[[:Category:Consonant clusters|Consonant clusters]] (containing two unrelated consonants): [[ㄳ]], [[ㄵ]], [[ㄶ]], [[ㄺ]], [[ㄻ]], [[ㄼ]], [[ㄽ]], [[ㄾ]], [[ㄿ]], [[ㅀ]], [[ㅄ]]
====Design====
The letters for the consonants fall into five groups, each with a basic shape, and one or more letters derived from this shape by means of additional strokes. The basic shapes represent the positions of the tongue, palate, teeth, and throat when making these sounds.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
|+Articulation
! Place↓ Manner→ !! [[:Category:Stop consonants|Stop]] !! [[:Category:Affricate consonants|Affricate]] !! [[:Category:Fricative consonants|Fricative]] !! [[:Category:Nasal consonants|Nasal]] !! [[:Category:Approximant consonants|Approximant]]
|-
! [[:Category:Velar consonants|Velar]] ([[아]][[음]] <牙音> "molar sounds")
| [[ㄱ]], [[ㄲ]], [[ㅋ]]
|
|
|
|
|-
! [[:Category:Coronal consonants|Coronal]] ([[설]][[음]] <舌音> "lingual sounds")
| [[ㄷ]], [[ㄸ]], [[ㅌ]]
|
|
| [[ㄴ]]
| [[ㄹ]]
|-
! [[:Category:Bilabial consonants|Bilabial]] ([[순]][[음]] <唇音> "labial sounds")
| [[ㅂ]], [[ㅃ]], [[ㅍ]]
|
|
| [[ㅁ]]
|
|-
! [[:Category:Sibilant consonants|Sibilant]] ([[치]][[음]] <齒音> "dental sounds")
|
| [[ㅈ]], [[ㅉ]], [[ㅊ]]
| [[ㅅ]], [[ㅆ]]
|
|
|-
! [[:Category:Glottal consonants|Glottal]] ([[후]][[음]] <喉音> "throat sounds")
|
|
|
| [[ㅇ]]
| [[ㅎ]]
|}

===Vowels===
*[[:Category:Simple vowels|Simple]]: [[ㅏ]], [[ㅓ]], [[ㅗ]], [[ㅜ]], [[ㅡ]], [[ㅣ]]
*[[:Category:Iotized vowels|Iotized]] (Adds a 'y' sound): [[ㅑ]], [[ㅕ]], [[ㅛ]], [[ㅠ]]
*[[:Category:Dipthongs|Dipthongs]] (combinations, usually adding a 'w' sound): [[ㅐ]], [[ㅒ]], [[ㅔ]], [[ㅖ]], [[ㅚ]], [[ㅟ]], [[ㅢ]], [[ㅘ]], [[ㅝ]], [[ㅙ]], [[ㅞ]]
====Design====
Vowel letters are based on three elements:
* A horizontal line representing the flat Earth, the essence of yin.
* A point (now a short line) for the Sun in the heavens, the essence of yang.
* A vertical line for the upright Human, the neutral mediator between the Heaven and Earth.
Vowels can be organized by their harmony:
*[[:Category:Light vowels|Positive / Light / Yang]]: [[ㅏ]], [[ㅑ]], [[ㅗ]], [[ㅛ]], [[ㅐ]], [[ㅘ]], [[ㅚ]], [[ㅙ]]
*[[:Category:Dark vowels|Negative / Dark / Yin]]: [[ㅓ]], [[ㅕ]], [[ㅜ]], [[ㅠ]], [[ㅔ]], [[ㅝ]], [[ㅟ]], [[ㅞ]]
*[[:Category:Neutral vowels|Neutral / Center]]: [[ㅡ]], [[ㅣ]], [[ㅢ]]
In Korean [[onomatopoeia]], you can change a sounds loudness by changing the vowel from or to a light vowel to make it softer or dark vowel to make it louder
==Structure==
The easiest way to describe the structure of Hangeul is that it's a combination of a letter-based language like English and a character-based language like Chinese. Korean syllables are organized into blocks of Jamo that have a beginning consonant (called Cho), a middle vowel (called Jung), and an optional end consonant (called Jong).
*ㄱ + ㅏ = 가
*ㄴ + ㅜ + ㄴ = 눈

===Possible Syllable Combinations===
<gallery>
Image:Cons vowel horiz.gif| Consonant + vowel (horizontal): very common
Image:Cons vowel cons horiz.gif|Consonant + vowel + consonant (horizontal): very common
Image:Cons vowel cons cluster horiz.gif|Consonant + vowel + consonant: not common
Image:Cons vowel vert.gif|Consonant + vowel (vertical): very common
Image:Cons vowel cons vert.gif|Consonant + vowel + consonant (vertical): very common
Image:Cons vowel cons cluster vert.gif|Consonant + vowel + consonant cluster (vertical): not common
Image:Cons_vowel_vowel.gif|Consonant + diphthong vowels: common
Image:Cons vowel vowel cons.gif|Consonant + diphthong vowels + consonant: common
Image:Cons vowel vowel cons cluster.gif|Consonant + diphthong vowels + consonant cluster: rare
</gallery>

Now, we're going to start learning some letters (jamo)!

'''[[Hangeul step 2|Next step →]]'''

Korean Wiki Project - User contributions [en]

N + 이다

Hangeul step 1