Korean Wiki Project - User contributions [en]

User:Tyrannus Mundi

2012-05-06T23:48:02Z

Tyrannus Mundi: Created page with "Specialist in Korean politics with a penchant for linguistics. Find me on Wikipedia here."

Specialist in Korean politics with a penchant for linguistics. Find me on Wikipedia [[wikipedia:User:Tyrannus Mundi|here]].

User talk:DigitalSoju

2012-05-06T23:40:02Z

Tyrannus Mundi: /* Re: Source */

Hey Chris. I responded to your comment "why 심육?" on [[Sino Korean numbers]]. Check the page source.
[[User:Bean|Bean]] 19:21, 22 May 2009 (UTC)

I added section-specific editing help guides. Now that we've been really fleshing out the sections it seems like something that will help people know exactly how to edit any specific section. This will hopefully help us keep our formatting uniform in any page in any given section. Since you've worked so much on the grammar, maybe you can work on that page. I just added a few things to get it started. I put a notice on all the sections that have pages to help edit that section so you can just go to the grammar section and you'll see it. If we're going to do these differently, now is the time to decide how to format and organize these pages. --[[User:Mstrum|Mstrum]] 06:25, 11 July 2009 (UTC)

Sounds like a great idea, we might also want to link to the general guidelines page as well. That's one page i'm gonna have to finish up soon. --[[User:Bluesoju|Bluesoju]] 03:08, 12 July 2009 (UTC)

Leaving this url for myself: See [[Manual:$wgForceUIMsgAsContentMsg]]. You have to specify the messages to be forced into translation.

Hey, orange shirt guy! I saw you on TV yesterday. I could find you easily because of your bright shirt. --Jay shin
::ㅋㅋ My part got edited out 헉 - --[[User:Bluesoju|Bluesoju]] 12:19, 16 August 2009 (UTC)

That's still cool though! --[[User:Mstrum|Mstrum]] 17:07, 16 August 2009 (UTC)

Chris, what's the difference between 'on monthly basis' and 'every month', 'on daily basis' and 'every day'? Could you explain it for me? --[[User:Jay shin|Jay shin]]

:I got your email. Thank you very much, Chris. --[[User:Jay shin|Jay shin]]

I might try to get some handwriting examples. For me, its hard to read what the teacher writes so I thought it might be good to cover it.

Thanks. I don't know how active I'll be for the rest of this month and next, but I'll try my best. :) --[[User:Teochewiness|Teochewiness]] 23:37, 5 April 2010 (UTC)

Hey there, I finished my ㄴ Hanja section. Any preference on the next sections to work on? --[[User:Ikzelf|Ikzelf]] 19:20, 12 April 2010 (UTC)

I have uploaded some hanja character images, could you check if the format is alright? Then I can start some serious uploading. --[[User:Ikzelf|Ikzelf]] 19:15, 10 May 2010 (UTC)
: Ok, I think the format is alright, I started the serious uploading... --[[User:Ikzelf|Ikzelf]] 23:25, 10 May 2010 (UTC)

Hey, my school year is basically over so I'm pretty much ready to take up jobs as you see fit. 
Something that I think needs to be addressed is a renovation of the way the music section is organized. I'm about to start translating songs for practice which is going to lead to a much messier looking music page, and I think that it'd be best if the entire section was redone into some kind of hierarchy by artist, perhaps album, and then track. --[[User:Teochewiness|Teochewiness]] 23:37, 13 May 2010 (UTC) 
Hi, it's possible we can sort them into different ways so the user can look for it by artist or what not. All you'd have to do is create a category for it, i.e. the artist's album name. Then on the artist's album name page you could categorize that into the artist's name. Also you probably don't need to translate most of the songs as there are already people out there doing translations, as long as we credit the other sites it should be fine. If you'd like a better format to work with instead of the current one, let me know and i'll see what I can do. Thanks--[[User:DigitalSoju|DigitalSoju]] 23:50, 13 May 2010 (UTC) 
Well, I was planning to translate more obscure songs and requests, so that's that. By the way, I think the youtube video code isn't working anymore on this site. And I'll try the categorization, thanks. --[[User:Teochewiness|Teochewiness]] 15:22, 16 May 2010 (UTC) 

I didn't know that the spam was actually messing with the code, but I'll join the facebook page.--[[User:Teochewiness|Teochewiness]] 15:30, 16 May 2010 (UTC)

Hello! I was using a couple translated sources as reference :) The main reason I was doing it (and am taking long and only adding one line at a time) was to add thorough vocab and grammar notes for each line of the song [[User:Andante|Andante]] 23:42, 26 June 2010 (PDT)

Hi! I saw the page without translation and I started to translate (the Spanish wiki, 1st step). I'm glad to be not the only one who work in the Spanish wiki. --[[User:Followingsun|Followingsun]] 06:30, 6 July 2010 (PDT)

Hey there, I was wondering if you had the Japanese templates ready for the learning hangeul section. I've translated a bit of it into a text document, but can't really upload anything without the templates... [[User:Xaghce|Xaghce]] 19:27, 14 August 2010 (PDT)

== Korean Romanization--- ==

Sorry about that. Would you happen to have a 'romanization' rulebook of some sort for Korean so it'd be easier for me...and less work for you? --[[User:Dumpling|Dumpling]] 04:09, 18 June 2011 (PDT)

Hi, I want to help on somewhere but I don't know where to start, I made some uh-oh help in some pages but I'm not satisfied with what I did. really sorry for that Chris! D: [[User:Minusthefire|MinusTheFire]] 06:27, 29 March 2012 (PDT)

==Re: Source==

It can be found in the lexicon of Samuel Martin's ''Reference Grammar of Korean'' under the entry for '''-ulq key''' (''q'' representing reinforcement in Yale Romanization). The relevant meaning is #3 which redirects to '''u' kkey''', but '''u' kkey''' is also itself given as an abbreviation of '''-ul key''' anyway. Diachronic development from a single morphological source doesn't mean that synchronically they're going to have the same meaning, you can see the same process more obviously with the development of lexemes (e.g. chef and chief). A parallel morphological example in English might be the difference between "won't" and "will not" -- the latter is more emphatic and can't be used precisely the same way. This particular form '''-ulq key''' is actually a very recent development so its evolution was observed by linguists "in real time" as it were. --[[User:Tyrannus Mundi|Tyrannus Mundi]] 16:30, 6 May 2012 (PDT)

I've quoted below the relevant section in the grammar itself (not the lexicon), which is on p. 259 under "Complex moods built on the [Middle Korean] effective formative -''ke''" (which merged with '''kes''' meaning "thing"):
:The immediate future '''-ukkey/-kkey''' = '''-u'q key / -'q key''', contrary to the opinion expressed in KM, is nothing more than an abbreviation of the probable future '''-ulq key'''. (The critical example in KM 47 was a mistake; only '''Nay ka cip.u'q key''' occurs for 'I've got it!'.
--[[User:Tyrannus Mundi|Tyrannus Mundi]] 16:40, 6 May 2012 (PDT)

User talk:DigitalSoju

2012-05-06T23:32:20Z

Tyrannus Mundi: /* Re: Source */

User talk:DigitalSoju

2012-05-06T23:31:54Z

Tyrannus Mundi: /* Re: Source */

Hey Chris. I responded to your comment "why 심육?" on [[Sino Korean numbers]]. Check the page source.
[[User:Bean|Bean]] 19:21, 22 May 2009 (UTC)

I added section-specific editing help guides. Now that we've been really fleshing out the sections it seems like something that will help people know exactly how to edit any specific section. This will hopefully help us keep our formatting uniform in any page in any given section. Since you've worked so much on the grammar, maybe you can work on that page. I just added a few things to get it started. I put a notice on all the sections that have pages to help edit that section so you can just go to the grammar section and you'll see it. If we're going to do these differently, now is the time to decide how to format and organize these pages. --[[User:Mstrum|Mstrum]] 06:25, 11 July 2009 (UTC)

Sounds like a great idea, we might also want to link to the general guidelines page as well. That's one page i'm gonna have to finish up soon. --[[User:Bluesoju|Bluesoju]] 03:08, 12 July 2009 (UTC)

Leaving this url for myself: See [[Manual:$wgForceUIMsgAsContentMsg]]. You have to specify the messages to be forced into translation.

Hey, orange shirt guy! I saw you on TV yesterday. I could find you easily because of your bright shirt. --Jay shin
::ㅋㅋ My part got edited out 헉 - --[[User:Bluesoju|Bluesoju]] 12:19, 16 August 2009 (UTC)

That's still cool though! --[[User:Mstrum|Mstrum]] 17:07, 16 August 2009 (UTC)

Chris, what's the difference between 'on monthly basis' and 'every month', 'on daily basis' and 'every day'? Could you explain it for me? --[[User:Jay shin|Jay shin]]

:I got your email. Thank you very much, Chris. --[[User:Jay shin|Jay shin]]

I might try to get some handwriting examples. For me, its hard to read what the teacher writes so I thought it might be good to cover it.

Thanks. I don't know how active I'll be for the rest of this month and next, but I'll try my best. :) --[[User:Teochewiness|Teochewiness]] 23:37, 5 April 2010 (UTC)

Hey there, I finished my ㄴ Hanja section. Any preference on the next sections to work on? --[[User:Ikzelf|Ikzelf]] 19:20, 12 April 2010 (UTC)

I have uploaded some hanja character images, could you check if the format is alright? Then I can start some serious uploading. --[[User:Ikzelf|Ikzelf]] 19:15, 10 May 2010 (UTC)
: Ok, I think the format is alright, I started the serious uploading... --[[User:Ikzelf|Ikzelf]] 23:25, 10 May 2010 (UTC)

Hey, my school year is basically over so I'm pretty much ready to take up jobs as you see fit. 
Something that I think needs to be addressed is a renovation of the way the music section is organized. I'm about to start translating songs for practice which is going to lead to a much messier looking music page, and I think that it'd be best if the entire section was redone into some kind of hierarchy by artist, perhaps album, and then track. --[[User:Teochewiness|Teochewiness]] 23:37, 13 May 2010 (UTC) 
Hi, it's possible we can sort them into different ways so the user can look for it by artist or what not. All you'd have to do is create a category for it, i.e. the artist's album name. Then on the artist's album name page you could categorize that into the artist's name. Also you probably don't need to translate most of the songs as there are already people out there doing translations, as long as we credit the other sites it should be fine. If you'd like a better format to work with instead of the current one, let me know and i'll see what I can do. Thanks--[[User:DigitalSoju|DigitalSoju]] 23:50, 13 May 2010 (UTC) 
Well, I was planning to translate more obscure songs and requests, so that's that. By the way, I think the youtube video code isn't working anymore on this site. And I'll try the categorization, thanks. --[[User:Teochewiness|Teochewiness]] 15:22, 16 May 2010 (UTC) 

I didn't know that the spam was actually messing with the code, but I'll join the facebook page.--[[User:Teochewiness|Teochewiness]] 15:30, 16 May 2010 (UTC)

Hello! I was using a couple translated sources as reference :) The main reason I was doing it (and am taking long and only adding one line at a time) was to add thorough vocab and grammar notes for each line of the song [[User:Andante|Andante]] 23:42, 26 June 2010 (PDT)

Hi! I saw the page without translation and I started to translate (the Spanish wiki, 1st step). I'm glad to be not the only one who work in the Spanish wiki. --[[User:Followingsun|Followingsun]] 06:30, 6 July 2010 (PDT)

Hey there, I was wondering if you had the Japanese templates ready for the learning hangeul section. I've translated a bit of it into a text document, but can't really upload anything without the templates... [[User:Xaghce|Xaghce]] 19:27, 14 August 2010 (PDT)

== Korean Romanization--- ==

Sorry about that. Would you happen to have a 'romanization' rulebook of some sort for Korean so it'd be easier for me...and less work for you? --[[User:Dumpling|Dumpling]] 04:09, 18 June 2011 (PDT)

Hi, I want to help on somewhere but I don't know where to start, I made some uh-oh help in some pages but I'm not satisfied with what I did. really sorry for that Chris! D: [[User:Minusthefire|MinusTheFire]] 06:27, 29 March 2012 (PDT)

==Re: Source==

It can be found in the lexicon of Samuel Martin's ''Reference Grammar of Korean'' under the entry for '''-ulq key''' (''q'' representing reinforcement in Yale Romanization). The relevant meaning is #3 which redirects to '''u' kkey''', but '''u' kkey''' is also itself given as an abbreviation of '''-ul key''' anyway. Diachronic development from a single morphological source doesn't mean that synchronically they're going to have the same meaning, you can see the same process more obviously with the development of lexemes (e.g. chef and chief). A parallel morphological example in English might be the difference between "won't" and "will not" in English -- the latter is more emphatic and can't be used precisely the same way. This particular form '''-ulq key''' is actually a very recent development so its evolution was observed by linguists "in real time" as it were. --[[User:Tyrannus Mundi|Tyrannus Mundi]] 16:30, 6 May 2012 (PDT)

User talk:DigitalSoju

2012-05-06T23:30:11Z

Tyrannus Mundi:

Hey Chris. I responded to your comment "why 심육?" on [[Sino Korean numbers]]. Check the page source.
[[User:Bean|Bean]] 19:21, 22 May 2009 (UTC)

I added section-specific editing help guides. Now that we've been really fleshing out the sections it seems like something that will help people know exactly how to edit any specific section. This will hopefully help us keep our formatting uniform in any page in any given section. Since you've worked so much on the grammar, maybe you can work on that page. I just added a few things to get it started. I put a notice on all the sections that have pages to help edit that section so you can just go to the grammar section and you'll see it. If we're going to do these differently, now is the time to decide how to format and organize these pages. --[[User:Mstrum|Mstrum]] 06:25, 11 July 2009 (UTC)

Sounds like a great idea, we might also want to link to the general guidelines page as well. That's one page i'm gonna have to finish up soon. --[[User:Bluesoju|Bluesoju]] 03:08, 12 July 2009 (UTC)

Leaving this url for myself: See [[Manual:$wgForceUIMsgAsContentMsg]]. You have to specify the messages to be forced into translation.

Hey, orange shirt guy! I saw you on TV yesterday. I could find you easily because of your bright shirt. --Jay shin
::ㅋㅋ My part got edited out 헉 - --[[User:Bluesoju|Bluesoju]] 12:19, 16 August 2009 (UTC)

That's still cool though! --[[User:Mstrum|Mstrum]] 17:07, 16 August 2009 (UTC)

Chris, what's the difference between 'on monthly basis' and 'every month', 'on daily basis' and 'every day'? Could you explain it for me? --[[User:Jay shin|Jay shin]]

:I got your email. Thank you very much, Chris. --[[User:Jay shin|Jay shin]]

I might try to get some handwriting examples. For me, its hard to read what the teacher writes so I thought it might be good to cover it.

Thanks. I don't know how active I'll be for the rest of this month and next, but I'll try my best. :) --[[User:Teochewiness|Teochewiness]] 23:37, 5 April 2010 (UTC)

Hey there, I finished my ㄴ Hanja section. Any preference on the next sections to work on? --[[User:Ikzelf|Ikzelf]] 19:20, 12 April 2010 (UTC)

I have uploaded some hanja character images, could you check if the format is alright? Then I can start some serious uploading. --[[User:Ikzelf|Ikzelf]] 19:15, 10 May 2010 (UTC)
: Ok, I think the format is alright, I started the serious uploading... --[[User:Ikzelf|Ikzelf]] 23:25, 10 May 2010 (UTC)

Hey, my school year is basically over so I'm pretty much ready to take up jobs as you see fit. 
Something that I think needs to be addressed is a renovation of the way the music section is organized. I'm about to start translating songs for practice which is going to lead to a much messier looking music page, and I think that it'd be best if the entire section was redone into some kind of hierarchy by artist, perhaps album, and then track. --[[User:Teochewiness|Teochewiness]] 23:37, 13 May 2010 (UTC) 
Hi, it's possible we can sort them into different ways so the user can look for it by artist or what not. All you'd have to do is create a category for it, i.e. the artist's album name. Then on the artist's album name page you could categorize that into the artist's name. Also you probably don't need to translate most of the songs as there are already people out there doing translations, as long as we credit the other sites it should be fine. If you'd like a better format to work with instead of the current one, let me know and i'll see what I can do. Thanks--[[User:DigitalSoju|DigitalSoju]] 23:50, 13 May 2010 (UTC) 
Well, I was planning to translate more obscure songs and requests, so that's that. By the way, I think the youtube video code isn't working anymore on this site. And I'll try the categorization, thanks. --[[User:Teochewiness|Teochewiness]] 15:22, 16 May 2010 (UTC) 

I didn't know that the spam was actually messing with the code, but I'll join the facebook page.--[[User:Teochewiness|Teochewiness]] 15:30, 16 May 2010 (UTC)

Hello! I was using a couple translated sources as reference :) The main reason I was doing it (and am taking long and only adding one line at a time) was to add thorough vocab and grammar notes for each line of the song [[User:Andante|Andante]] 23:42, 26 June 2010 (PDT)

Hi! I saw the page without translation and I started to translate (the Spanish wiki, 1st step). I'm glad to be not the only one who work in the Spanish wiki. --[[User:Followingsun|Followingsun]] 06:30, 6 July 2010 (PDT)

Hey there, I was wondering if you had the Japanese templates ready for the learning hangeul section. I've translated a bit of it into a text document, but can't really upload anything without the templates... [[User:Xaghce|Xaghce]] 19:27, 14 August 2010 (PDT)

== Korean Romanization--- ==

Sorry about that. Would you happen to have a 'romanization' rulebook of some sort for Korean so it'd be easier for me...and less work for you? --[[User:Dumpling|Dumpling]] 04:09, 18 June 2011 (PDT)

Hi, I want to help on somewhere but I don't know where to start, I made some uh-oh help in some pages but I'm not satisfied with what I did. really sorry for that Chris! D: [[User:Minusthefire|MinusTheFire]] 06:27, 29 March 2012 (PDT)

==Re: Source==

It can be found in the lexicon of Samuel Martin's ''Reference Grammar of Korean'' under the entry for '''-ulq key''' (''q'' representing reinforcement in Yale Romanization). The relevant meaning is #3 which redirects to '''u' kkey''', but '''u' kkey''' is also itself given as an abbreviation of '''-ul key''' anyway. Diachronic development from a single morphological source doesn't mean that synchronically they're going to have the same meaning, you can see the same process more obviously with the development of lexemes. A parallel morphological example in English might be the difference between "won't" and "will not" in English -- the latter is more emphatic and can't be used precisely the same way. This particular form '''-ulq key''' is actually a very recent development so its evolution was observed by linguists "in real time" as it were. --[[User:Tyrannus Mundi|Tyrannus Mundi]] 16:30, 6 May 2012 (PDT)

Talk:Hanja

2012-05-03T00:30:47Z

Tyrannus Mundi: /* Same characters */

hello guys. Are you interested in a tab-delimited well this

hanja tab definitions
hanja tab definitions

grouped by the levels of the 한자능력시험.

Please advise me on where to upload these files. I have no wiki experience.

thanks,

joe

:I'm not sure exactly what you mean by hanja tab definitions. Could you explain or link me? Thanks --[[User:Bluesoju|Bluesoju]] 09:06, 25 January 2010 (UTC)

:I uploaded the files as you know by level 7, 6, 5 ... 3a . By tab I meant "separated by a \t", where '\t' represents the tab key on the keyboard. --[[User:Joesp|Joesp]] 19:24, 03 November 2011 (KST)

you have some pages like http://www.koreanwikiproject.com/wiki/index.php?title=%E9%96%80#.E9.96.80

the above is for all the hanja which go by 문

Can somebody tell me where the master list is for pages like the above so that i can add my hanja to the list, and create pages for which you have had no hanja and so the page is missing? i will soon give you my list of readings and hanja for those readings.
thanks, joe January 26, 2010 kst morning

Hey Joe, no need to add individual pages for each Hanja, most have already been made, see these two categories:
*[[:Category:Chinese_Roots|Find by Korean character]]
*[[:Category:Hanja|Find by Chinese character]]

Right now the pages all go by the Korean names. If you search by the individual hanja character (i.e. 文) it will redirect to the particular section. For example, if you go to the page [[文]] it would look like this:
<pre>

<nowiki>
#REDIRECT [[문#文]]
[[Category:Hanja|ㅁ]]
</nowiki>
</pre>
*That means redirect to the page 문 under the section "文"
*Then put in the category "Hanja" and sort it under ㅁ. If you don't manually sort it, it will just try to sort it by the Chinese character which is pointless since it's not an alphabetical system like English or Korean.
*All the stuff you need is on the toolbar itself, the button that has #R is to make a redirect, and the button after is to make a category.
*Also hit the preview button before saving, it would help you from making too many saves on the same page.

It's great you found the Hanja by levels. We'll just have to reformat them. Thanks ^^

:Yes, I mentioned something like that before. I could write a PHP script in about 20 hours that could attach the levels, my definitions (Korean + English) that you see in the files that I uploaded for the levels of the 한자능력검정시험. --[[User:Joesp|Joesp]] 19:24, 03 November 2011 (KST)

===details and concerns===
*Template would be made to make this easier to copy.
*Other things to consider: number of strokes
*Sometimes additional info is needed, like 여 is also 녀. Where to put that?
*Stroke order image or link to a stroke order imagine on wikimedia commons: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Stroke_Order_Project
*Just noticed a separate Korean names section, should the common hanja used in names just be linked to that page? The names page would have to be updated with Hanja.

== About Redesign ==
I can say the new template looks sweet. Especially the Korean characters are big and, I think it's the jpeg or gif, is beautiful. You probably know that I added recently to the HANJA main page the "lists by level" and that these contain the Korean definitions, with explanations of the Korean contained in them. Perhaps I'm fanning myself here, but I do know your hanja pages lack the Korean definitions of the hanja, so I think adding my contribution would enhance the quality of the hanja pages.

Secondly, I hope you have a programmer on site here who can just do that programmatically and create the pages for you from putting my hanja lists in a database table, querying the table, and processing results with some programming language he/she is familiar with .... because it would take a heckuva long time to individually change the pages. Many hanja have 2, 3 or more korean definitions and sometimes different readings, for example. What can you do in these cases? Unfortunately, I don't know squat about how a wiki really works and don't have the time myself. I know, I know .... "if you want something done do it yourself" but just upkeeping my site is enough work for me.

:Yes, I mentioned something like that before. I could write a PHP script in about 20 hours that could attach the levels, my definitions (Korean + English) that you see in the files that I uploaded for the levels of the 한자능력검정시험. --[[User:Joesp|Joesp]] 19:24, 03 November 2011 (KST)

Thirdly, I can also hope that you are not typing in the example words by hand. You do know I have a dictionary for download which the same programmer I just mentioned could save your time (digital soju님).

:I still would like to put the examples from ezcorean up as examples for the words. Like I said, 20 hours of my time to post more than I can't even count how many examples. (perhaps about 15 ~ 20,000? words) This I could also write a PHP script for in about 20 hours. Of course, I would need CLI access to a local MySQL database and shell access via SSH onto the server, as well as SCP to move files back and forth. I don't know if you trust me, so trust is the barrier here. --[[User:Joesp|Joesp]] 19:24, 03 November 2011 (KST)

Anyway, new design looks sweet, but it would pain me to hear that somebody is manually doing all this work.

the problem, of course, is that contrary to your opinion you do *not* have almost all the hanja pages created in your system (see level 3, level 2, and level 1 hanja). When you do it by hand, you run into a limit, but if you programmatically do the same task, you can create the complete reference you are seeking to with this site.

Good luck, as always.

Joseph a.k.a. Joe

==Same characters==
List of characters that are the same.
-暴 포, 폭
:There are literally thousands of polyphonic hanja (though none of them are very common) so it's pointless listing them all -- what I'd like to see is an example of a polyphonic hanja where both readings are actually in use. I know many hanja that theoretically have two readings, but none where both readings are actually used in Korean words. For instance I don't know of words using the 포 reading of 暴 (though please let me know if there are any!). --[[User:Tyrannus Mundi|Tyrannus Mundi]] 17:30, 2 May 2012 (PDT)

==Multiple representations==
*계산기 <[[計]][[算]][[器]] / [[計]][[算]][[機]]> - a calculator
*편지 <便紙> <片紙>
*참호전 <[[塹]][[壕]][[戰]]/[[塹]][[濠]][[戰]]> - trench warfare
*연습장 <練習帳 / 鍊習帳> - exercise book

(으)ㄹ 게요

2012-05-02T15:54:00Z

Tyrannus Mundi: /* Morphology */ clarifying

==Description==
'''Verb + (으)ㄹ게요''' : This pattern is used for the future tense. Even by native Korean speakers, the 게요 is often mispelled as 께요.
This pattern has several restrictions, see the notes below.

===Notes===
*This pattern is restricted to '''first person usage'''.
*To make this the low form ([[반말]]) simply drop the 요 ending.
*This pattern can only be used as a statement and cannot be used as a question.
*This pattern must be used in a way to where the other person you are speaking to is somewhat related to the situation you are describing with the verb. "I" must be the subject of the action (though it is also acceptable for suggestions where it can also be "we"). See below:
*This pattern should be used when the action relates to the listener(s) directly or if it's for the listener(s)' sake.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Situation !! Korean !! English !! Comment !! Result
|-
| Two people talking on the phone
| "내일 전화할게요."
| "I'll call you tomorrow."
| Telling the other person you will call is done for the listener's sake.
| {{correct}}
|-
| Two people chatting on the internet
| "내가 먼저 잘게."
| "I'm going to bed (sleep) first."
| The relationship between the speakers is that they are currently talking to each other, by going to sleep, they will no longer be talking.
|{{correct}}
|-
| The speaker is telling a random friend that he is going to move next week
| "다음 주에 내가 이사할게."
| "I'm moving next week."
| There is no relationship between the person moving and the listener knowing, so "다음 주에 내가 이사할 거야." sounds more natural.
| {{incorrect}}
|-
| The speaker is telling his roommate he is going to move next week
| "다음 주에 내가 이사할게."
| "I'm moving next week."
| Since it's his roommate, there is a direct relation because they won't be living together anymore.
| {{correct}}
|-
| General conversation
| "영희가 갈게요"
| "Young Hee is leaving."
| This pattern can only be used in the first person form, so "영희가 갈 거예요" should be used.
| {{incorrect}}
|}

===Pronunciation===
*Due to [[:Category:Consonant assimilation|reinforcement]], the ㄱ in 게 is pronounced as '께.' See page ' [[ㄹ grammar + ㄱ, ㄷ, ㅂ, ㅅ, ㅈ]]' for an explanation on the rule.

===Morphology===

'''(으)ㄹ 게(요)''' is etymologically an abbreviated form of '''[[(으)ㄹ 거예요]]''', which derives from the prospective modifier '''[[(으)ㄹ]]''' plus '''[[것]]''' plus the copula '''[[이다]]'''.

==Conjugation Rule==
{{Conjugation table
|Pattern1= Verb + ㄹ게요
|Examples1= 가다 → 갈게요 오다 → 올게요 전화하다 → 전화할게요 팔다 → 팔게요
|Pattern2= Verb + 을게요
|Examples2=먹다 → 먹을게요 받다 → 받을게요
}}

==Sentence Examples==
{{Example table
|Korex1 =나중에 전화 할게.
|Engex1 =I'll call you later.
|Comment1 =Low form ([[반말]])
|Korex2 =내 친구 소개시켜 줄게요.
|Engex2 =I'll introduce my friend to you.
|Comment2 =Informal polite
|Korex3 =맥주 마시러 갈래? 내가 살게.
|Engex3 =Do you wanna go grab a beer? It's on me.
|Comment3 =Low form ([[반말]])
|Korex4 =가방 들어 줄게요.
|Engex4 =Let me give you a hand with your luggage.
|Comment4 =Informal polite
|Korex5 =기다릴게.
|Engex5 =I'm waiting for you.
|Comment5 =Low form ([[반말]])
|Korex6 =확인해 볼게요.
|Engex6 =Let me check.
|Comment6 =Informal polite
|Korex7 =미안해. 다시는 안 늦을게.
|Engex7 =Sorry, I'll never be late again
|Comment7 =Low form ([[반말]])
|Korex8 =다시는 안 그럴게요.
|Engex8 =I'll never do that again.
|Comment8 =Informal polite
|Korex9 =내가 먼저 씻을게.
|Engex9 =I'll take a shower before you.
|Comment9 =Low form ([[반말]])
|Korex10 =죄송합니다만, 길 좀 물어볼게요.
|Engex10 =Excuse me but can I ask you for directions?
|Comment10 = Informal polite
}}

==Misc==
*Sometimes when speaking or text messaging, people say "하께" instead of "할께".

==See Also==
*[[A/V + (으)ㄹ 거예요]]
*[[A/V + 겠다]]
{{Languages|{{PAGENAME}}}}

[[Category:SNU level 1 grammar|ㅇ]]
[[Category:Grammar|ㅇ]]
[[Category:Future tense|ㅇ]]
[[Category:Verb grammar pattern|ㅇ]]

(으)ㄹ 게요

2012-05-02T15:52:53Z

Tyrannus Mundi: /* Pronunciation */

==Description==
'''Verb + (으)ㄹ게요''' : This pattern is used for the future tense. Even by native Korean speakers, the 게요 is often mispelled as 께요.
This pattern has several restrictions, see the notes below.

===Notes===
*This pattern is restricted to '''first person usage'''.
*To make this the low form ([[반말]]) simply drop the 요 ending.
*This pattern can only be used as a statement and cannot be used as a question.
*This pattern must be used in a way to where the other person you are speaking to is somewhat related to the situation you are describing with the verb. "I" must be the subject of the action (though it is also acceptable for suggestions where it can also be "we"). See below:
*This pattern should be used when the action relates to the listener(s) directly or if it's for the listener(s)' sake.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Situation !! Korean !! English !! Comment !! Result
|-
| Two people talking on the phone
| "내일 전화할게요."
| "I'll call you tomorrow."
| Telling the other person you will call is done for the listener's sake.
| {{correct}}
|-
| Two people chatting on the internet
| "내가 먼저 잘게."
| "I'm going to bed (sleep) first."
| The relationship between the speakers is that they are currently talking to each other, by going to sleep, they will no longer be talking.
|{{correct}}
|-
| The speaker is telling a random friend that he is going to move next week
| "다음 주에 내가 이사할게."
| "I'm moving next week."
| There is no relationship between the person moving and the listener knowing, so "다음 주에 내가 이사할 거야." sounds more natural.
| {{incorrect}}
|-
| The speaker is telling his roommate he is going to move next week
| "다음 주에 내가 이사할게."
| "I'm moving next week."
| Since it's his roommate, there is a direct relation because they won't be living together anymore.
| {{correct}}
|-
| General conversation
| "영희가 갈게요"
| "Young Hee is leaving."
| This pattern can only be used in the first person form, so "영희가 갈 거예요" should be used.
| {{incorrect}}
|}

===Pronunciation===
*Due to [[:Category:Consonant assimilation|reinforcement]], the ㄱ in 게 is pronounced as '께.' See page ' [[ㄹ grammar + ㄱ, ㄷ, ㅂ, ㅅ, ㅈ]]' for an explanation on the rule.

===Morphology===

'''(으)ㄹ 게(요)''' is abbreviated from the prospective modifier '''[[(으)ㄹ]]''' plus '''[[것]]''' plus the copula '''[[이다]]'''.

==Conjugation Rule==
{{Conjugation table
|Pattern1= Verb + ㄹ게요
|Examples1= 가다 → 갈게요 오다 → 올게요 전화하다 → 전화할게요 팔다 → 팔게요
|Pattern2= Verb + 을게요
|Examples2=먹다 → 먹을게요 받다 → 받을게요
}}

==Sentence Examples==
{{Example table
|Korex1 =나중에 전화 할게.
|Engex1 =I'll call you later.
|Comment1 =Low form ([[반말]])
|Korex2 =내 친구 소개시켜 줄게요.
|Engex2 =I'll introduce my friend to you.
|Comment2 =Informal polite
|Korex3 =맥주 마시러 갈래? 내가 살게.
|Engex3 =Do you wanna go grab a beer? It's on me.
|Comment3 =Low form ([[반말]])
|Korex4 =가방 들어 줄게요.
|Engex4 =Let me give you a hand with your luggage.
|Comment4 =Informal polite
|Korex5 =기다릴게.
|Engex5 =I'm waiting for you.
|Comment5 =Low form ([[반말]])
|Korex6 =확인해 볼게요.
|Engex6 =Let me check.
|Comment6 =Informal polite
|Korex7 =미안해. 다시는 안 늦을게.
|Engex7 =Sorry, I'll never be late again
|Comment7 =Low form ([[반말]])
|Korex8 =다시는 안 그럴게요.
|Engex8 =I'll never do that again.
|Comment8 =Informal polite
|Korex9 =내가 먼저 씻을게.
|Engex9 =I'll take a shower before you.
|Comment9 =Low form ([[반말]])
|Korex10 =죄송합니다만, 길 좀 물어볼게요.
|Engex10 =Excuse me but can I ask you for directions?
|Comment10 = Informal polite
}}

==Misc==
*Sometimes when speaking or text messaging, people say "하께" instead of "할께".

==See Also==
*[[A/V + (으)ㄹ 거예요]]
*[[A/V + 겠다]]
{{Languages|{{PAGENAME}}}}

[[Category:SNU level 1 grammar|ㅇ]]
[[Category:Grammar|ㅇ]]
[[Category:Future tense|ㅇ]]
[[Category:Verb grammar pattern|ㅇ]]

Category:Consonant assimilation

2012-05-02T15:52:08Z

Tyrannus Mundi:

Consonant assimilation is when the bottom consonant of one character and the top letter of the next character interact so that one or both of them changes.

1. Re-syllabification

(a) Re-syllabification : 십오 /시보/

(b) No re-syllabification : 뱅이 /뱅이/

2. 받침 Simplification

(a) 구엌 /구억/

(b) 끝 /끋/

(c) 맛 /맏/

(d) 꽃 /꼳/

(e) 앞 /압/

3. Reinforcement ("tensification")

(a) Stop + ㄱ : 학기 /학끼/

(b) Stop + ㄷ : 먹다 /먹따/

(c) Stop + ㅅ : 각색 /각쌕/

(d) Stop + ㅈ : 녹저 /녹쩌/

(e) Stop + ㅂ : 밭벼 /받뼈/

(f) ㅎ + ㅅ : 좋습니다 /조씁니다/

4. Nasalization

(a) ㄱ + nasal : 한국말 /한궁말/

(b) ㄷ + nasal : 듣는 /든는/

(c) ㅂ + nasal : 법무 /범무/

(d) Nasal + ㄹ : 동립 /동닙/

(e) ㄴ + ㄹ across boundary : 테헤란-로 /테헤란노/

5. ㄹ Assimilation

(a) ㄹ + ㄴ : 실내 /실래/

(b) ㄴ + ㄹ : 신라 /실라/

6. Aspiration

(a) ㄱ + ㅎ : 북한 /부칸/

(b) ㅎ + ㄷ : 좋다 /조타/

7. Palatalization

(a) ㅌ + 이 : 같이 /가치/

(b) ㄷ + 이 : 곧이 /고지/

(c) ㄷ + 히 :닫히다 /다치다/

8. Intrusive 니은

(a) 받침 + ㅣ across boundary : 나뭇-잎 /나문닢/

(b) 색-연필 /생년필/

9. ㅎ 받침 dropping

(a) 좋아 /조아/

{|class="wikitable"
|+Rules Chart
|-style="text-align: center;"
!↓Bottom letter ↱Next letter
!#
!ᄀ
!ᄁ
!ᄃ
!ᄄ
!ᄂ
!ᄅ
!ᄆ
!ㅇ
!이
!ᄇ
!ᄈ
!ᄉ
!ᄊ
!ᄌ
!ᄍ
!ᄎ
!ᄏ
!ᄐ
!ᄑ
!ᄒ
!히
|-style="text-align: center;"
!ㄱ
|rowspan="3"|ㄱ
|colspan="2" rowspan="3"|ㄱ+ㄲ
|colspan="2" rowspan="3"|ㄱ+ㄸ
|colspan="2" rowspan="4"|ㅇ+ㄴ
|rowspan="4"|ㅇ+ㅁ
|colspan="2"|ㄱ
|colspan="2" rowspan="3"|ㄱ+ㅃ
|colspan="2" rowspan="3"|ㄱ+ㅆ
|colspan="2" rowspan="3"|ㄱ+ㅉ
|rowspan="3"|ㄱ+ㅊ
|rowspan="3"|ㄱ+ㅋ
|rowspan="3"|ㄱ+ㅌ
|rowspan="3"|ㄱ+ㅍ
|colspan="2" rowspan="3"|ㅋ
|-style="text-align: center;"
!ㄲ
|colspan="2"|ㄲ
|-style="text-align: center;"
!ㅋ
|colspan="2"|ㅋ
|-style="text-align: center;"
!ᆼ
|ㅇ
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|colspan="2" |ㅇ+ㅎ
|-style="text-align: center;"
!ㄷ
|rowspan="6" |ㄷ
|rowspan="6" colspan="2" |ㄷ+ㄲ
|rowspan="6" colspan="2" |ㄷ+ㄸ
|rowspan="6" colspan="2" |ㄴ+ㄴ
|rowspan="7" |ㄴ+ㅁ
|ㄷ
|ㅈ
|rowspan="6" colspan="2" |ㄷ+ㅃ
|rowspan="6" colspan="2" |ㄷ+ㅆ
|rowspan="6" colspan="2" |ㄷ+ㅉ
|rowspan="6" |ㄷ+ㅊ
|rowspan="6" |ㄷ+ㅋ
|rowspan="6" |ㄷ+ㅌ
|rowspan="6" |ㄷ+ㅍ
|rowspan="6" |ㅌ
|rowspan="6" |ㅊ
|-style="text-align: center;"
!ㅌ
|ㅌ
|ㅊ
|-style="text-align: center;"
!ㅅ
|colspan="2"|ㅅ
|-style="text-align: center;"
!ㅆ
|colspan="2"|ㅆ
|-style="text-align: center;"
!ㅈ
|colspan="2"|ㅈ
|-style="text-align: center;"
!ㅊ
|colspan="2"|ㅊ
|-style="text-align: center;"
!ᆫ
|ㄴ
|
|
|
|
|
|ㄹ+ㄹ1
|colspan="2"|ㄴ
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|colspan="2" |ㄴ+ㅎ
|-style="text-align: center;"
|-style="text-align: center;"
!ᆯ
|ㄹ
|
|
|
|
|colspan="2" |ㄹ+ㄹ
|
|colspan="2"|ㄹ
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|colspan="2" |ㄹ+ㅎ
|-style="text-align: center;"
!ㅂ
|rowspan="2"|ㅂ
|rowspan="2" colspan="2" |ㅂ+ㄲ
|rowspan="2" colspan="2" |ㅂ+ㄸ
|colspan="2" rowspan="3"|ㅁ+ㄴ
|rowspan="3"|ㅁ+ㅁ
|colspan="2"|ㅂ
|rowspan="2" colspan="2" |ㅂ+ㅃ
|rowspan="2" colspan="2" |ㅂ+ㅆ
|rowspan="2" colspan="2" |ㅂ+ㅉ
|rowspan="2" |ㅂ+ㅊ
|rowspan="2" |ㅂ+ㅋ
|rowspan="2" |ㅂ+ㅌ
|rowspan="2" |ㅂ+ᄑ
|colspan="2" |ㅍ
|-style="text-align: center;"
!ㅍ
|colspan="2"|ㅍ
|-style="text-align: center;"
!ᆷ
|ㅁ
|
|
|
|
|colspan="2"|ㅁ
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|colspan="2" |ㅁ+ㅎ
|-style="text-align: center;"
!ᇂ
|ㄷ
|ㅋ
! 
|ㅌ
! 
|ㄴ+ㄴ
!colspan="2"| 
|colspan="2" |ㅇ
|ㅍ
! 
|ㅆ
! 
|ㅊ
!colspan="7"| 
|}

1. <ㄹ+ㄴ> is always /ㄹ+ㄹ/ and within a word, <ㄴ+ㄹ> becomes <ㄹ+ㄹ> as well. However, when <ㄴ+ㄹ> appears across two words as in <테헤란-로> the <ㄴ+ㄹ> becomes /ㄴ+ㄴ/. Therefore, <테헤란-로> is pronounced as /테헤란노/. This does not apply to words without batchim, so <노화-로> remains as /노화로/.

2. Also across word boundaries, <이> and <야, 얘, 여, 예, 요, 유> show strange behavior after a batchim. They become /니, 냐, 냬, 녀, 녜, 뇨, 뉴/ respectively. This is most famously seen in the word for colored pencil or crayon <색-연필> which is pronounced as /생년필/. This behavior does not apply to compound words without batchim, so <중화-요리> remains as /중화-요리/. This is known as "intrusive 니은." A similar phenomenon happens in the non-rhotic speakers in Boston, London, etc who will say "piano tuna" and "tuna fish," but re-insert the "r" in "the tuner is broken." They will go even further and hyper-correct, creating phrases like "Vodker on the rocks." Historically, modern Korean dropped all ㄹ and ㄴ before ㅣ,ㅑ,ㅒ,ㅕ,ㅖ,ㅛ,ㅠ. That's why the surname known as "Li" in China is "이" in Korea and why the root for female "niu" exists as "여". Words recenetly borrowed from Japanese or Chinese or English no longer have this restriction, hence you have "뉴스 (news)," but many speakers cannot begin a sentence with 뉴 and simply say "유스."

3. An easy way to remember the rule for palatalization (ㄷ+이=지, ㅌ+이=치, ㄷ+히=치) in words like 닫히다 and 같이 is to think of the English stock phrase "What'you doing?" which sounds like "Whatcha doing?" No one would pronounce "Matt used to live here" as "Machoo'sed to live here" but "Didja eat?" and "Don'tcha like it?" are familiar to most English speakers.

4. When a new word starts with ㅎ will aspirate the preceding consonant if it can. In other words, it makes it breathy. If you said "fake it" quickly, it would sound like "fay khit." When ㅎ is before a consonant it also makes it breathy and merges with that consonant. One exception is before ㅅ, where the ㅎ and ㅅ assimilate to a tense ㅆ (no aspirate ㅅ exists). The other exception is before ㄴ, resulting in ㄴ+ㄴ. ㅎ is completely dropped before a null consonant plus vowel <ㅇ> as in <좋아요> which is pronounced as /조아/.

5. No word ends in ㅎ, but the jamo itself is called <히읗> which is pronounced as /히읃/.

==See Also==
*[http://www.english-korean.net/kaeps/kor_phon.html Korean Phonology for the KAEPS system]
*[[w:Korean phonology|Korean phonology]] The consonant assimilation table here is inaccurate however. No amount of listening or reading has shown that ㅎ+ㄱ=ㄱ+ㅋ or that ㅎ+ㅅ=ㅅ+ㅆ. Books and resources put out by The National Academy of the Korean Language, KBS, Arirang, Yonsei University, Seoul National University, Dong-A, YBM, and Hollym all say that ㅎ+ㄷ=ㅌ and that ㅎ+ㅅ=ㅆ. No work, whether prescriptive or descriptive, indicates that ㅎ causes simultaneous aspiration and gemination in any position. 완벽하다 is 완벽하다 or 완벼카다 (no 완벽카다). 좋다 is 조타 (not 졷타). 좋습니다 is 조씀니다 (not 졷씁니다).

(으)ㄹ 게요

2012-05-02T15:49:57Z

Tyrannus Mundi: Morphology

==Description==
'''Verb + (으)ㄹ게요''' : This pattern is used for the future tense. Even by native Korean speakers, the 게요 is often mispelled as 께요.
This pattern has several restrictions, see the notes below.

===Notes===
*This pattern is restricted to '''first person usage'''.
*To make this the low form ([[반말]]) simply drop the 요 ending.
*This pattern can only be used as a statement and cannot be used as a question.
*This pattern must be used in a way to where the other person you are speaking to is somewhat related to the situation you are describing with the verb. "I" must be the subject of the action (though it is also acceptable for suggestions where it can also be "we"). See below:
*This pattern should be used when the action relates to the listener(s) directly or if it's for the listener(s)' sake.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Situation !! Korean !! English !! Comment !! Result
|-
| Two people talking on the phone
| "내일 전화할게요."
| "I'll call you tomorrow."
| Telling the other person you will call is done for the listener's sake.
| {{correct}}
|-
| Two people chatting on the internet
| "내가 먼저 잘게."
| "I'm going to bed (sleep) first."
| The relationship between the speakers is that they are currently talking to each other, by going to sleep, they will no longer be talking.
|{{correct}}
|-
| The speaker is telling a random friend that he is going to move next week
| "다음 주에 내가 이사할게."
| "I'm moving next week."
| There is no relationship between the person moving and the listener knowing, so "다음 주에 내가 이사할 거야." sounds more natural.
| {{incorrect}}
|-
| The speaker is telling his roommate he is going to move next week
| "다음 주에 내가 이사할게."
| "I'm moving next week."
| Since it's his roommate, there is a direct relation because they won't be living together anymore.
| {{correct}}
|-
| General conversation
| "영희가 갈게요"
| "Young Hee is leaving."
| This pattern can only be used in the first person form, so "영희가 갈 거예요" should be used.
| {{incorrect}}
|}

===Pronunciation===
*Due to [[:Category:Consonant assimilation|consonant assimilation]] rules, the ㄱ in 게 gets pronounced as '께.' See page ' [[ㄹ grammar + ㄱ, ㄷ, ㅂ, ㅅ, ㅈ]]' for an explanation on the rule.

===Morphology===

'''(으)ㄹ 게(요)''' is abbreviated from the prospective modifier '''[[(으)ㄹ]]''' plus '''[[것]]''' plus the copula '''[[이다]]'''.

==Conjugation Rule==
{{Conjugation table
|Pattern1= Verb + ㄹ게요
|Examples1= 가다 → 갈게요 오다 → 올게요 전화하다 → 전화할게요 팔다 → 팔게요
|Pattern2= Verb + 을게요
|Examples2=먹다 → 먹을게요 받다 → 받을게요
}}

==Sentence Examples==
{{Example table
|Korex1 =나중에 전화 할게.
|Engex1 =I'll call you later.
|Comment1 =Low form ([[반말]])
|Korex2 =내 친구 소개시켜 줄게요.
|Engex2 =I'll introduce my friend to you.
|Comment2 =Informal polite
|Korex3 =맥주 마시러 갈래? 내가 살게.
|Engex3 =Do you wanna go grab a beer? It's on me.
|Comment3 =Low form ([[반말]])
|Korex4 =가방 들어 줄게요.
|Engex4 =Let me give you a hand with your luggage.
|Comment4 =Informal polite
|Korex5 =기다릴게.
|Engex5 =I'm waiting for you.
|Comment5 =Low form ([[반말]])
|Korex6 =확인해 볼게요.
|Engex6 =Let me check.
|Comment6 =Informal polite
|Korex7 =미안해. 다시는 안 늦을게.
|Engex7 =Sorry, I'll never be late again
|Comment7 =Low form ([[반말]])
|Korex8 =다시는 안 그럴게요.
|Engex8 =I'll never do that again.
|Comment8 =Informal polite
|Korex9 =내가 먼저 씻을게.
|Engex9 =I'll take a shower before you.
|Comment9 =Low form ([[반말]])
|Korex10 =죄송합니다만, 길 좀 물어볼게요.
|Engex10 =Excuse me but can I ask you for directions?
|Comment10 = Informal polite
}}

==Misc==
*Sometimes when speaking or text messaging, people say "하께" instead of "할께".

==See Also==
*[[A/V + (으)ㄹ 거예요]]
*[[A/V + 겠다]]
{{Languages|{{PAGENAME}}}}

[[Category:SNU level 1 grammar|ㅇ]]
[[Category:Grammar|ㅇ]]
[[Category:Future tense|ㅇ]]
[[Category:Verb grammar pattern|ㅇ]]

Hanja

2012-05-02T15:41:22Z

Tyrannus Mundi:

{{Notice|Under construction}}
'''Hanja''' (한자, 漢字) is the Korean name for '''Chinese characters'''. More specifically, it refers to those Chinese characters borrowed from Chinese and incorporated into the Korean language with Korean pronunciation. ''Hanja-mal'' (한자말) or ''hanja-eo'' (한자어, [[漢]][[字]][[語]]) refers to words which can be written with hanja, and ''hanmun'' (한문, [[漢]][[文]]) refers to Classical Chinese writing, although "hanja" is sometimes used loosely to encompass these other concepts. ''Han'' here ([[漢]]) means Chinese. Because hanja never underwent systematic reform, they are almost entirely identical to traditional Chinese and ''kyūjitai'' characters. Only a small number of hanja characters are modified or unique to Korean. By contrast, many of the Chinese characters currently in use in Japan (''kanji'') and Mainland China have been simplified, and contain fewer strokes than the corresponding hanja characters. Unlike Japanese, Korean does not give Chinese characters native readings: they are used only for words directly borrowed from Chinese. Native Korean words are always rendered solely in hangeul.

*[[Hanja (article)]]

==Hanja Lessons==
*[[Important 한자]]
*[[Important 한자 2]]
*[[Important 한자 3]]
*[[Cheonjamun]] "Thousand Character Classic"
*[[Writing Hanja]]

*Beginners 한자
*Intermediate 한자
*Advanced 한자

==Hanja By Level ==
These helped me study for the 한자능력검정시험 by level. The test is entirely in Korean, but some of the definitions of the hanja are not easy to understand. So, the English definitions are in parentheses. I tried as much as possible to use the meanings that are actually used, the point being not just to memorize the Korean definition for the test, but to help the foreigner use these to understand vocabulary. So, the supplemental meanings are also important in this latter sense. The first meaning is the one accepted as being its major definition, as best as I could, although there seems to be no complete consensus on that issue.
*[[Level 8]] 50 total beginner hanja
*[[Level 7]] 102 elementary school
*[[Level 6]] 142 elementary school
*[[Level 5]] 184 elementary school
*[[Level 4II]] 313 middle school
*[[Level 4I]] 232 middle school
*[[Level 3II]] 357 high school
*[[Level 3I]] 414 high school
*[[Level 2]] 539 college
*[[Level 1]] 1151 scholarly
*[[Level 0]] 4000+ Ph.D level (특급 I & II)

==Hanja characters==
*[[:Category:Chinese_Roots|Find by Korean character]]
*[[:Category:Hanja|Find by Chinese character]]

==Misc==
===Common Hanja used in names===
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Surnames
! Hangeul/한글
! Hanja/한자
|-
| Kim
| 김
| 金
|-
| Park
| 박
| 朴
|-
| Lee
| 이
| 李
|-
| Jung
| 정
| 鄭/丁
|}

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Given Names
! Hangeul/한글
! Hanja/한자
|-
| Kyong
| 경
| 景
|-
| Rim/Lim
| 림
| 琳
|-
| Myung
| 명
| 明
|-
| Mi
| 미
| 美
|-
| Hyung
| 형
| 炯/亨
|}

==FAQ==
===What is the point in learning Hanja?===
1. A great deal of Korean words are made up of hanja. Learning the hanja will allow you to memorize the words more quickly, as knowing the roots will assist you in this process. In English, it can be equated to knowing Latin and Greek root words. Knowing the root of a word can help you understand its meaning and remember it later.

2. This will also serve you well in other countries. If your visual memory is strong, the hanja you learn in Korea can be found (with some differences) in Japan, China and Taiwan. Thus even a limited grasp of hanja is useful when traveling in Asia. For example, numbers for dates, times, and prices.

3. There are also a lot of hanja the average person is expected to know, for example man (男) and woman (女), so a door might be labeled with the hanja characters on a rest room door. This would be a good time to know hanja so you don't walk into the wrong bathroom! For real life images of hanja in use, see: [[:Category:Hanja images]]

4. It will really help your pronunciation. Ask yourself, can you discern between the following:
권 (5 hanja for level 3) and 관 (9 hanja for level 3) e.g. ... do you say 관력 as a mistake for 권력 (power)?
정 and 청 ? e.g. do you say 정소 or 청소 for 'to clean'?
장 and 창 ? e.g. do you say 청와대 or 정와대 for 'the Korean presidential mansion, the so-called 'blue house'' ?

Hanja study will help supplement your weak areas. When pronuncing words, you may be slurring them, but you will never pass a hanja test without knowing which is which?

5. Finally, it will increase your vocabulary because even though you may be aware that 손바닥 장 (掌) means 'palm' in English, do you know what palm is in Korean? And, do you know the differnce between 이르다 and 이루다 ? Here, studying hanja will help teach you the meaning of Korean vocabulary you otherwise may not have studied so in depth.

===Does every Hanja character have only one sound representation?===
No, some Hanja characters have more than one representation.

In some cases the pronunciation depends on where it appears in a word. For example the character [[年]](year) is pronounced as 연 if it appears at the beginning of the word, and 년 if it appears elsewhere. This is the result of a historic sound change where /l/ and in certain cases /n/ dropped at the beginning of words (hence the name Lee being written in Hangeul as 이). This sound change did not take place in northern Korean, however, and the readings remain formally unified in the North (hence 리 rather than 이). In standard South Korean, then, any Sino-Korean lexeme that begins with ㄹ when word-medial or word-final will begin ㅇ when word-initial, i.e. a character with a reading beginning with ㄹ will always lose that ㄹ at the beginning of a word. In certain cases a character with a historic (etymological) reading beginning with ㄹ is given the reading ㄴ, as in former President Roh Moo-hyun's surname 노. In the special case of the morphemes 률 and 렬, the ㄹ will drop after a vowel or after ㄴ. Occasionally the character is subject to other general phonetic variations that occur in Korean. In these cases the divergent readings will closely resemble each other.

In other, unpredictable, instances the character may have (or have had) more than one reading in standard Chinese.

See the table below:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Character !! South Korean representation !! Notes !! Examples
|-
|年 (year) ||연, 년 || Pronounced 연 at the beginning of a word, 년 elsewhere
|
*연초 <年初> - the beginning of the year
*연말 <年末> - the end of the year
*작년 <昨年> - last year
*내년 <來年> - next year
|-
|立 (stand, establish )||입, 립 || Pronounced 입 at the beginning of a word, 립 elsewhere
|
*입식 <立式> -
*독립 <獨立> - independence
*조립 <組立> - construction, set-up

|-
|女 (girl, woman)||여, 녀 || Pronounced 여 at the beginning of a word, 녀 elsewhere
|
*여자 <女子> - woman, female
*여학생 <女學生> - a female student
*소녀 <少女> - a young girl
*미녀 <美女> - a beautiful girl
|-
|不 (negation) ||불, 부 || No rule, some words just use one or the other
|
*부정 <不正> - unlawfulness, dishonesty
*부득이 <不得已> - unavoidably, inevitably
*불편 <不便> - discomfort
*불가능 < 不可能 > - impossibility
|}


===How do I find a certain character in a dictionary?===
Depending on dictionary, there are a number of ways to look up a character, especially in electronic ones. They can sometimes be found in the 국어 ''(language)'' menu.
 

'''Normal look up (한글->한자)'''
 
This is probably the easiest way to find one in daily use in Korea. This type of look up is for Sino-Korean vocabulary (words of Chinese origin). For example, to see which characters make up the word 무한 ([[無]][[限]]), just type in the words as you would in a normal Korean vocabulary look up and the characters should appear next to the Korean word. Some electric dictionaries will have separate look up methods, one for normal Korean usage, and one that will break down each character and will give meanings for each character.
 

'''By Pronunciation/음 (한글->한자)'''
 
Type in the pronunciation, for example 무, and anywhere from 10 to 60 different characters will be shown that has that pronunciation. Although a clear demonstration as to the need for hanja for clarification, this is a fairly tedious way to find characters.
 

'''By Stroke/획수 (한자->한글)'''
 
For many simple characters and beginners, it is easiest to count the number of strokes and putting that number into the search. "총획수" indicates that the number of strokes you put in is the number of strokes for the entire character.
 

'''By Radical/부수 (한자->한글)'''
 
For more complex characters and those familiar with hanja, it is easiest to look up by number of strokes in the radical (부수획수). Correctly identify the number of strokes in the radical and type that into the search. Then type the number of strokes in the rest of the character (잔여획수).

===In what order are the strokes for a character?===

===How do I type a Hanja character?===
====For Windows====
[[File:Language bar undocked windows7.jpg|right|thumb|Undocked language bar panel on Windows 7|250px]]
[[File:Language bar docked windows7.jpg|right|thumb|Docked language bar panel on Windows 7|250px]]
Type in the Korean 한글 equivalent of the word for which you want the hanja form. While the the character is still "active" (meaning you can still see the line underneath the character), click the [漢] icon (in the language toolbar) and a small menu of the all the possible hanja characters should pop up. Type the designated number or click the desired character and it should replace the Korean 한글 with hanja. Alternatively, you can click on the bucket icon to draw the hanja you want.
{{-}}
====For Mac OS X====
[[File:Type-hanja-mac.png|right|thumb|Hanja selection list in Mac OS X TextEdit.|250px]]
[[File:Mac hanja settings.png|right|thumb|Various Hanja-related preferences. Can be accessed through the flag icon at the top-right of screen.|250px]]
First, enable 한글 typing in the language system preferences; the keyboard input method doesn't matter. Just like in Windows, the "active" character is represented by an underline. While a character is still active, press the key combination "Option-Return." A list of potential Hanja shows up for that character.

You can also change the way Hanja characters are displayed, such as having the 한글 preserved while parenthetically adding Hanja. This and several other Hanja-related settings can be accessed by clicking the flag drop-down menu in the upper-right of the Mac screen.

Hanja

2012-05-02T14:32:07Z

Tyrannus Mundi: /* Does every Hanja character have only one sound representation? */

{{Notice|Under construction}}
'''Hanja''' (한자, 漢字) is the Korean name for '''Chinese characters'''. More specifically, it refers to those Chinese characters borrowed from Chinese and incorporated into the Korean language with Korean pronunciation. ''Hanja-mal'' (한자말) or ''hanja-eo'' (한자어, [[漢]][[字]][[語]]) refers to words which can be written with hanja, and ''hanmun'' (한문, [[漢]][[文]]) refers to Classical Chinese writing, although "hanja" is sometimes used loosely to encompass these other concepts. Because hanja never underwent major reform, they are almost entirely identical to traditional Chinese and ''kyūjitai'' characters. Only a small number of hanja characters are modified or unique to Korean. By contrast, many of the Chinese characters currently in use in Japan (''kanji'') and Mainland China have been simplified, and contain fewer strokes than the corresponding hanja characters.

*[[Hanja (article)]]

==Hanja Lessons==
*[[Important 한자]]
*[[Important 한자 2]]
*[[Important 한자 3]]
*[[Cheonjamun]] "Thousand Character Classic"
*[[Writing Hanja]]

*Beginners 한자
*Intermediate 한자
*Advanced 한자

==Hanja By Level ==
These helped me study for the 한자능력검정시험 by level. The test is entirely in Korean, but some of the definitions of the hanja are not easy to understand. So, the English definitions are in parentheses. I tried as much as possible to use the meanings that are actually used, the point being not just to memorize the Korean definition for the test, but to help the foreigner use these to understand vocabulary. So, the supplemental meanings are also important in this latter sense. The first meaning is the one accepted as being its major definition, as best as I could, although there seems to be no complete consensus on that issue.
*[[Level 8]] 50 total beginner hanja
*[[Level 7]] 102 elementary school
*[[Level 6]] 142 elementary school
*[[Level 5]] 184 elementary school
*[[Level 4II]] 313 middle school
*[[Level 4I]] 232 middle school
*[[Level 3II]] 357 high school
*[[Level 3I]] 414 high school
*[[Level 2]] 539 college
*[[Level 1]] 1151 scholarly
*[[Level 0]] 4000+ Ph.D level (특급 I & II)

==Hanja characters==
*[[:Category:Chinese_Roots|Find by Korean character]]
*[[:Category:Hanja|Find by Chinese character]]

==Misc==
===Common Hanja used in names===
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Surnames
! Hangeul/한글
! Hanja/한자
|-
| Kim
| 김
| 金
|-
| Park
| 박
| 朴
|-
| Lee
| 이
| 李
|-
| Jung
| 정
| 鄭/丁
|}

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Given Names
! Hangeul/한글
! Hanja/한자
|-
| Kyong
| 경
| 景
|-
| Rim/Lim
| 림
| 琳
|-
| Myung
| 명
| 明
|-
| Mi
| 미
| 美
|-
| Hyung
| 형
| 炯/亨
|}

==FAQ==
===What is the point in learning Hanja?===
1. A great deal of Korean words are made up of hanja. Learning the hanja will allow you to memorize the words more quickly, as knowing the roots will assist you in this process. In English, it can be equated to knowing Latin and Greek root words. Knowing the root of a word can help you understand its meaning and remember it later.

2. This will also serve you well in other countries. If your visual memory is strong, the hanja you learn in Korea can be found (with some differences) in Japan, China and Taiwan. Thus even a limited grasp of hanja is useful when traveling in Asia. For example, numbers for dates, times, and prices.

3. There are also a lot of hanja the average person is expected to know, for example man (男) and woman (女), so a door might be labeled with the hanja characters on a rest room door. This would be a good time to know hanja so you don't walk into the wrong bathroom! For real life images of hanja in use, see: [[:Category:Hanja images]]

4. It will really help your pronunciation. Ask yourself, can you discern between the following:
권 (5 hanja for level 3) and 관 (9 hanja for level 3) e.g. ... do you say 관력 as a mistake for 권력 (power)?
정 and 청 ? e.g. do you say 정소 or 청소 for 'to clean'?
장 and 창 ? e.g. do you say 청와대 or 정와대 for 'the Korean presidential mansion, the so-called 'blue house'' ?

Hanja study will help supplement your weak areas. When pronuncing words, you may be slurring them, but you will never pass a hanja test without knowing which is which?

5. Finally, it will increase your vocabulary because even though you may be aware that 손바닥 장 (掌) means 'palm' in English, do you know what palm is in Korean? And, do you know the differnce between 이르다 and 이루다 ? Here, studying hanja will help teach you the meaning of Korean vocabulary you otherwise may not have studied so in depth.

===Does every Hanja character have only one sound representation?===
No, some Hanja characters have more than one representation.

In some cases the pronunciation depends on where it appears in a word. For example the character [[年]](year) is pronounced as 연 if it appears at the beginning of the word, and 년 if it appears elsewhere. This is the result of a historic sound change where /l/ and in certain cases /n/ dropped at the beginning of words (hence the name Lee being written in Hangeul as 이). This sound change did not take place in northern Korean, however, and the readings remain formally unified in the North (hence 리 rather than 이). In standard South Korean, then, any Sino-Korean lexeme that begins with ㄹ when word-medial or word-final will begin ㅇ when word-initial, i.e. a character with a reading beginning with ㄹ will always lose that ㄹ at the beginning of a word. In certain cases a character with a historic (etymological) reading beginning with ㄹ is given the reading ㄴ, as in former President Roh Moo-hyun's surname 노. In the special case of the morphemes 률 and 렬, the ㄹ will drop after a vowel or after ㄴ. Occasionally the character is subject to other general phonetic variations that occur in Korean. In these cases the divergent readings will closely resemble each other.

In other, unpredictable, instances the character may have (or have had) more than one reading in standard Chinese.

See the table below:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Character !! South Korean representation !! Notes !! Examples
|-
|年 (year) ||연, 년 || Pronounced 연 at the beginning of a word, 년 elsewhere
|
*연초 <年初> - the beginning of the year
*연말 <年末> - the end of the year
*작년 <昨年> - last year
*내년 <來年> - next year
|-
|立 (stand, establish )||입, 립 || Pronounced 입 at the beginning of a word, 립 elsewhere
|
*입식 <立式> -
*독립 <獨立> - independence
*조립 <組立> - construction, set-up

|-
|女 (girl, woman)||여, 녀 || Pronounced 여 at the beginning of a word, 녀 elsewhere
|
*여자 <女子> - woman, female
*여학생 <女學生> - a female student
*소녀 <少女> - a young girl
*미녀 <美女> - a beautiful girl
|-
|不 (negation) ||불, 부 || No rule, some words just use one or the other
|
*부정 <不正> - unlawfulness, dishonesty
*부득이 <不得已> - unavoidably, inevitably
*불편 <不便> - discomfort
*불가능 < 不可能 > - impossibility
|}


===How do I find a certain character in a dictionary?===
Depending on dictionary, there are a number of ways to look up a character, especially in electronic ones. They can sometimes be found in the 국어 ''(language)'' menu.
 

'''Normal look up (한글->한자)'''
 
This is probably the easiest way to find one in daily use in Korea. This type of look up is for Sino-Korean vocabulary (words of Chinese origin). For example, to see which characters make up the word 무한 ([[無]][[限]]), just type in the words as you would in a normal Korean vocabulary look up and the characters should appear next to the Korean word. Some electric dictionaries will have separate look up methods, one for normal Korean usage, and one that will break down each character and will give meanings for each character.
 

'''By Pronunciation/음 (한글->한자)'''
 
Type in the pronunciation, for example 무, and anywhere from 10 to 60 different characters will be shown that has that pronunciation. Although a clear demonstration as to the need for hanja for clarification, this is a fairly tedious way to find characters.
 

'''By Stroke/획수 (한자->한글)'''
 
For many simple characters and beginners, it is easiest to count the number of strokes and putting that number into the search. "총획수" indicates that the number of strokes you put in is the number of strokes for the entire character.
 

'''By Radical/부수 (한자->한글)'''
 
For more complex characters and those familiar with hanja, it is easiest to look up by number of strokes in the radical (부수획수). Correctly identify the number of strokes in the radical and type that into the search. Then type the number of strokes in the rest of the character (잔여획수).

===In what order are the strokes for a character?===

===How do I type a Hanja character?===
====For Windows====
[[File:Language bar undocked windows7.jpg|right|thumb|Undocked language bar panel on Windows 7|250px]]
[[File:Language bar docked windows7.jpg|right|thumb|Docked language bar panel on Windows 7|250px]]
Type in the Korean 한글 equivalent of the word for which you want the hanja form. While the the character is still "active" (meaning you can still see the line underneath the character), click the [漢] icon (in the language toolbar) and a small menu of the all the possible hanja characters should pop up. Type the designated number or click the desired character and it should replace the Korean 한글 with hanja. Alternatively, you can click on the bucket icon to draw the hanja you want.
{{-}}
====For Mac OS X====
[[File:Type-hanja-mac.png|right|thumb|Hanja selection list in Mac OS X TextEdit.|250px]]
[[File:Mac hanja settings.png|right|thumb|Various Hanja-related preferences. Can be accessed through the flag icon at the top-right of screen.|250px]]
First, enable 한글 typing in the language system preferences; the keyboard input method doesn't matter. Just like in Windows, the "active" character is represented by an underline. While a character is still active, press the key combination "Option-Return." A list of potential Hanja shows up for that character.

You can also change the way Hanja characters are displayed, such as having the 한글 preserved while parenthetically adding Hanja. This and several other Hanja-related settings can be accessed by clicking the flag drop-down menu in the upper-right of the Mac screen.

Hanja

2012-05-02T14:23:34Z

Tyrannus Mundi: /* Does every Hanja character have only one sound representation? */

{{Notice|Under construction}}
'''Hanja''' (한자, 漢字) is the Korean name for '''Chinese characters'''. More specifically, it refers to those Chinese characters borrowed from Chinese and incorporated into the Korean language with Korean pronunciation. ''Hanja-mal'' (한자말) or ''hanja-eo'' (한자어, [[漢]][[字]][[語]]) refers to words which can be written with hanja, and ''hanmun'' (한문, [[漢]][[文]]) refers to Classical Chinese writing, although "hanja" is sometimes used loosely to encompass these other concepts. Because hanja never underwent major reform, they are almost entirely identical to traditional Chinese and ''kyūjitai'' characters. Only a small number of hanja characters are modified or unique to Korean. By contrast, many of the Chinese characters currently in use in Japan (''kanji'') and Mainland China have been simplified, and contain fewer strokes than the corresponding hanja characters.

*[[Hanja (article)]]

==Hanja Lessons==
*[[Important 한자]]
*[[Important 한자 2]]
*[[Important 한자 3]]
*[[Cheonjamun]] "Thousand Character Classic"
*[[Writing Hanja]]

*Beginners 한자
*Intermediate 한자
*Advanced 한자

==Hanja By Level ==
These helped me study for the 한자능력검정시험 by level. The test is entirely in Korean, but some of the definitions of the hanja are not easy to understand. So, the English definitions are in parentheses. I tried as much as possible to use the meanings that are actually used, the point being not just to memorize the Korean definition for the test, but to help the foreigner use these to understand vocabulary. So, the supplemental meanings are also important in this latter sense. The first meaning is the one accepted as being its major definition, as best as I could, although there seems to be no complete consensus on that issue.
*[[Level 8]] 50 total beginner hanja
*[[Level 7]] 102 elementary school
*[[Level 6]] 142 elementary school
*[[Level 5]] 184 elementary school
*[[Level 4II]] 313 middle school
*[[Level 4I]] 232 middle school
*[[Level 3II]] 357 high school
*[[Level 3I]] 414 high school
*[[Level 2]] 539 college
*[[Level 1]] 1151 scholarly
*[[Level 0]] 4000+ Ph.D level (특급 I & II)

==Hanja characters==
*[[:Category:Chinese_Roots|Find by Korean character]]
*[[:Category:Hanja|Find by Chinese character]]

==Misc==
===Common Hanja used in names===
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Surnames
! Hangeul/한글
! Hanja/한자
|-
| Kim
| 김
| 金
|-
| Park
| 박
| 朴
|-
| Lee
| 이
| 李
|-
| Jung
| 정
| 鄭/丁
|}

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Given Names
! Hangeul/한글
! Hanja/한자
|-
| Kyong
| 경
| 景
|-
| Rim/Lim
| 림
| 琳
|-
| Myung
| 명
| 明
|-
| Mi
| 미
| 美
|-
| Hyung
| 형
| 炯/亨
|}

==FAQ==
===What is the point in learning Hanja?===
1. A great deal of Korean words are made up of hanja. Learning the hanja will allow you to memorize the words more quickly, as knowing the roots will assist you in this process. In English, it can be equated to knowing Latin and Greek root words. Knowing the root of a word can help you understand its meaning and remember it later.

2. This will also serve you well in other countries. If your visual memory is strong, the hanja you learn in Korea can be found (with some differences) in Japan, China and Taiwan. Thus even a limited grasp of hanja is useful when traveling in Asia. For example, numbers for dates, times, and prices.

3. There are also a lot of hanja the average person is expected to know, for example man (男) and woman (女), so a door might be labeled with the hanja characters on a rest room door. This would be a good time to know hanja so you don't walk into the wrong bathroom! For real life images of hanja in use, see: [[:Category:Hanja images]]

4. It will really help your pronunciation. Ask yourself, can you discern between the following:
권 (5 hanja for level 3) and 관 (9 hanja for level 3) e.g. ... do you say 관력 as a mistake for 권력 (power)?
정 and 청 ? e.g. do you say 정소 or 청소 for 'to clean'?
장 and 창 ? e.g. do you say 청와대 or 정와대 for 'the Korean presidential mansion, the so-called 'blue house'' ?

Hanja study will help supplement your weak areas. When pronuncing words, you may be slurring them, but you will never pass a hanja test without knowing which is which?

5. Finally, it will increase your vocabulary because even though you may be aware that 손바닥 장 (掌) means 'palm' in English, do you know what palm is in Korean? And, do you know the differnce between 이르다 and 이루다 ? Here, studying hanja will help teach you the meaning of Korean vocabulary you otherwise may not have studied so in depth.

===Does every Hanja character have only one sound representation?===
No, some Hanja characters have more than one representation.

In some cases the pronunciation depends on where it appears in a word. For example the character [[年]](year) is pronounced as 연 if it appears at the beginning of the word, and 년 if it appears elsewhere. This is the result of a historic sound change where /l/ and in certain cases /n/ dropped at the beginning of words (hence the name Lee being written in Hangeul as 이). This sound change did not take place in northern Korean, however, and the pronunciations remain unified in the North (hence 리 rather than 이). Any Sino-Korean lexeme that begins with ㄹ when word-medial or word-final will begin ㅇ when word-initial, i.e. a character with a reading beginning with ㄹ will always lose that ㄹ at the beginning of a word. Occasionally the character is subject to other general phonetic variations that occur in Korean. In these cases the divergent readings will closely resemble each other. In other, unpredictable, instances the character may have (or have had) more than one reading in standard Chinese. See the table below:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Character !! South Korean representation !! Notes !! Examples
|-
|年 (year) ||연, 년 || Pronounced 연 at the beginning of a word, 년 elsewhere
|
*연초 <年初> - the beginning of the year
*연말 <年末> - the end of the year
*작년 <昨年> - last year
*내년 <來年> - next year
|-
|立 (stand, establish )||입, 립 || Pronounced 입 at the beginning of a word, 립 elsewhere
|
*입식 <立式> -
*독립 <獨立> - independence
*조립 <組立> - construction, set-up

|-
|女 (girl, woman)||여, 녀 || Pronounced 여 at the beginning of a word, 녀 elsewhere
|
*여자 <女子> - woman, female
*여학생 <女學生> - a female student
*소녀 <少女> - a young girl
*미녀 <美女> - a beautiful girl
|-
|不 (negation) ||불, 부 || No rule, some words just use one or the other
|
*부정 <不正> - unlawfulness, dishonesty
*부득이 <不得已> - unavoidably, inevitably
*불편 <不便> - discomfort
*불가능 < 不可能 > - impossibility
|}


===How do I find a certain character in a dictionary?===
Depending on dictionary, there are a number of ways to look up a character, especially in electronic ones. They can sometimes be found in the 국어 ''(language)'' menu.
 

'''Normal look up (한글->한자)'''
 
This is probably the easiest way to find one in daily use in Korea. This type of look up is for Sino-Korean vocabulary (words of Chinese origin). For example, to see which characters make up the word 무한 ([[無]][[限]]), just type in the words as you would in a normal Korean vocabulary look up and the characters should appear next to the Korean word. Some electric dictionaries will have separate look up methods, one for normal Korean usage, and one that will break down each character and will give meanings for each character.
 

'''By Pronunciation/음 (한글->한자)'''
 
Type in the pronunciation, for example 무, and anywhere from 10 to 60 different characters will be shown that has that pronunciation. Although a clear demonstration as to the need for hanja for clarification, this is a fairly tedious way to find characters.
 

'''By Stroke/획수 (한자->한글)'''
 
For many simple characters and beginners, it is easiest to count the number of strokes and putting that number into the search. "총획수" indicates that the number of strokes you put in is the number of strokes for the entire character.
 

'''By Radical/부수 (한자->한글)'''
 
For more complex characters and those familiar with hanja, it is easiest to look up by number of strokes in the radical (부수획수). Correctly identify the number of strokes in the radical and type that into the search. Then type the number of strokes in the rest of the character (잔여획수).

===In what order are the strokes for a character?===

===How do I type a Hanja character?===
====For Windows====
[[File:Language bar undocked windows7.jpg|right|thumb|Undocked language bar panel on Windows 7|250px]]
[[File:Language bar docked windows7.jpg|right|thumb|Docked language bar panel on Windows 7|250px]]
Type in the Korean 한글 equivalent of the word for which you want the hanja form. While the the character is still "active" (meaning you can still see the line underneath the character), click the [漢] icon (in the language toolbar) and a small menu of the all the possible hanja characters should pop up. Type the designated number or click the desired character and it should replace the Korean 한글 with hanja. Alternatively, you can click on the bucket icon to draw the hanja you want.
{{-}}
====For Mac OS X====
[[File:Type-hanja-mac.png|right|thumb|Hanja selection list in Mac OS X TextEdit.|250px]]
[[File:Mac hanja settings.png|right|thumb|Various Hanja-related preferences. Can be accessed through the flag icon at the top-right of screen.|250px]]
First, enable 한글 typing in the language system preferences; the keyboard input method doesn't matter. Just like in Windows, the "active" character is represented by an underline. While a character is still active, press the key combination "Option-Return." A list of potential Hanja shows up for that character.

You can also change the way Hanja characters are displayed, such as having the 한글 preserved while parenthetically adding Hanja. This and several other Hanja-related settings can be accessed by clicking the flag drop-down menu in the upper-right of the Mac screen.

Hanja

2012-05-02T14:19:35Z

Tyrannus Mundi: /* Does every Hanja character have only one sound representation? */

{{Notice|Under construction}}
'''Hanja''' (한자, 漢字) is the Korean name for '''Chinese characters'''. More specifically, it refers to those Chinese characters borrowed from Chinese and incorporated into the Korean language with Korean pronunciation. ''Hanja-mal'' (한자말) or ''hanja-eo'' (한자어, [[漢]][[字]][[語]]) refers to words which can be written with hanja, and ''hanmun'' (한문, [[漢]][[文]]) refers to Classical Chinese writing, although "hanja" is sometimes used loosely to encompass these other concepts. Because hanja never underwent major reform, they are almost entirely identical to traditional Chinese and ''kyūjitai'' characters. Only a small number of hanja characters are modified or unique to Korean. By contrast, many of the Chinese characters currently in use in Japan (''kanji'') and Mainland China have been simplified, and contain fewer strokes than the corresponding hanja characters.

*[[Hanja (article)]]

==Hanja Lessons==
*[[Important 한자]]
*[[Important 한자 2]]
*[[Important 한자 3]]
*[[Cheonjamun]] "Thousand Character Classic"
*[[Writing Hanja]]

*Beginners 한자
*Intermediate 한자
*Advanced 한자

==Hanja By Level ==
These helped me study for the 한자능력검정시험 by level. The test is entirely in Korean, but some of the definitions of the hanja are not easy to understand. So, the English definitions are in parentheses. I tried as much as possible to use the meanings that are actually used, the point being not just to memorize the Korean definition for the test, but to help the foreigner use these to understand vocabulary. So, the supplemental meanings are also important in this latter sense. The first meaning is the one accepted as being its major definition, as best as I could, although there seems to be no complete consensus on that issue.
*[[Level 8]] 50 total beginner hanja
*[[Level 7]] 102 elementary school
*[[Level 6]] 142 elementary school
*[[Level 5]] 184 elementary school
*[[Level 4II]] 313 middle school
*[[Level 4I]] 232 middle school
*[[Level 3II]] 357 high school
*[[Level 3I]] 414 high school
*[[Level 2]] 539 college
*[[Level 1]] 1151 scholarly
*[[Level 0]] 4000+ Ph.D level (특급 I & II)

==Hanja characters==
*[[:Category:Chinese_Roots|Find by Korean character]]
*[[:Category:Hanja|Find by Chinese character]]

==Misc==
===Common Hanja used in names===
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Surnames
! Hangeul/한글
! Hanja/한자
|-
| Kim
| 김
| 金
|-
| Park
| 박
| 朴
|-
| Lee
| 이
| 李
|-
| Jung
| 정
| 鄭/丁
|}

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Given Names
! Hangeul/한글
! Hanja/한자
|-
| Kyong
| 경
| 景
|-
| Rim/Lim
| 림
| 琳
|-
| Myung
| 명
| 明
|-
| Mi
| 미
| 美
|-
| Hyung
| 형
| 炯/亨
|}

==FAQ==
===What is the point in learning Hanja?===
1. A great deal of Korean words are made up of hanja. Learning the hanja will allow you to memorize the words more quickly, as knowing the roots will assist you in this process. In English, it can be equated to knowing Latin and Greek root words. Knowing the root of a word can help you understand its meaning and remember it later.

2. This will also serve you well in other countries. If your visual memory is strong, the hanja you learn in Korea can be found (with some differences) in Japan, China and Taiwan. Thus even a limited grasp of hanja is useful when traveling in Asia. For example, numbers for dates, times, and prices.

3. There are also a lot of hanja the average person is expected to know, for example man (男) and woman (女), so a door might be labeled with the hanja characters on a rest room door. This would be a good time to know hanja so you don't walk into the wrong bathroom! For real life images of hanja in use, see: [[:Category:Hanja images]]

4. It will really help your pronunciation. Ask yourself, can you discern between the following:
권 (5 hanja for level 3) and 관 (9 hanja for level 3) e.g. ... do you say 관력 as a mistake for 권력 (power)?
정 and 청 ? e.g. do you say 정소 or 청소 for 'to clean'?
장 and 창 ? e.g. do you say 청와대 or 정와대 for 'the Korean presidential mansion, the so-called 'blue house'' ?

Hanja study will help supplement your weak areas. When pronuncing words, you may be slurring them, but you will never pass a hanja test without knowing which is which?

5. Finally, it will increase your vocabulary because even though you may be aware that 손바닥 장 (掌) means 'palm' in English, do you know what palm is in Korean? And, do you know the differnce between 이르다 and 이루다 ? Here, studying hanja will help teach you the meaning of Korean vocabulary you otherwise may not have studied so in depth.

===Does every Hanja character have only one sound representation?===
No, some Hanja characters have more than one representation.

In some cases the pronunciation depends on where it appears in a word. For example the character [[年]](year) is pronounced as 연 if it appears at the beginning of the word, and 년 if it appears elsewhere. This is the result of a historic sound change where /l/ and in certain cases /n/ dropped at the beginning of words (hence the name Lee being written in Hangeul as 이). This sound change did not take place in northern Korean, however, and the pronunciations remain unified in the North (hence 리 rather than 이). Their pronunciations, though, often closely resemble each other. See the table below:


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Character !! South Korean representation !! Notes !! Examples
|-
|年 (year) ||연, 년 || Pronounced 연 at the beginning of a word, 년 elsewhere
|
*연초 <年初> - the beginning of the year
*연말 <年末> - the end of the year
*작년 <昨年> - last year
*내년 <來年> - next year
|-
|立 (stand, establish )||입, 립 || Pronounced 입 at the beginning of a word, 립 elsewhere
|
*입식 <立式> -
*독립 <獨立> - independence
*조립 <組立> - construction, set-up

|-
|女 (girl, woman)||여, 녀 || Pronounced 여 at the beginning of a word, 녀 elsewhere
|
*여자 <女子> - woman, female
*여학생 <女學生> - a female student
*소녀 <少女> - a young girl
*미녀 <美女> - a beautiful girl
|-
|不 (negation) ||불, 부 || No rule, some words just use one or the other
|
*부정 <不正> - unlawfulness, dishonesty
*부득이 <不得已> - unavoidably, inevitably
*불편 <不便> - discomfort
*불가능 < 不可能 > - impossibility
|}


===How do I find a certain character in a dictionary?===
Depending on dictionary, there are a number of ways to look up a character, especially in electronic ones. They can sometimes be found in the 국어 ''(language)'' menu.
 

'''Normal look up (한글->한자)'''
 
This is probably the easiest way to find one in daily use in Korea. This type of look up is for Sino-Korean vocabulary (words of Chinese origin). For example, to see which characters make up the word 무한 ([[無]][[限]]), just type in the words as you would in a normal Korean vocabulary look up and the characters should appear next to the Korean word. Some electric dictionaries will have separate look up methods, one for normal Korean usage, and one that will break down each character and will give meanings for each character.
 

'''By Pronunciation/음 (한글->한자)'''
 
Type in the pronunciation, for example 무, and anywhere from 10 to 60 different characters will be shown that has that pronunciation. Although a clear demonstration as to the need for hanja for clarification, this is a fairly tedious way to find characters.
 

'''By Stroke/획수 (한자->한글)'''
 
For many simple characters and beginners, it is easiest to count the number of strokes and putting that number into the search. "총획수" indicates that the number of strokes you put in is the number of strokes for the entire character.
 

'''By Radical/부수 (한자->한글)'''
 
For more complex characters and those familiar with hanja, it is easiest to look up by number of strokes in the radical (부수획수). Correctly identify the number of strokes in the radical and type that into the search. Then type the number of strokes in the rest of the character (잔여획수).

===In what order are the strokes for a character?===

===How do I type a Hanja character?===
====For Windows====
[[File:Language bar undocked windows7.jpg|right|thumb|Undocked language bar panel on Windows 7|250px]]
[[File:Language bar docked windows7.jpg|right|thumb|Docked language bar panel on Windows 7|250px]]
Type in the Korean 한글 equivalent of the word for which you want the hanja form. While the the character is still "active" (meaning you can still see the line underneath the character), click the [漢] icon (in the language toolbar) and a small menu of the all the possible hanja characters should pop up. Type the designated number or click the desired character and it should replace the Korean 한글 with hanja. Alternatively, you can click on the bucket icon to draw the hanja you want.
{{-}}
====For Mac OS X====
[[File:Type-hanja-mac.png|right|thumb|Hanja selection list in Mac OS X TextEdit.|250px]]
[[File:Mac hanja settings.png|right|thumb|Various Hanja-related preferences. Can be accessed through the flag icon at the top-right of screen.|250px]]
First, enable 한글 typing in the language system preferences; the keyboard input method doesn't matter. Just like in Windows, the "active" character is represented by an underline. While a character is still active, press the key combination "Option-Return." A list of potential Hanja shows up for that character.

You can also change the way Hanja characters are displayed, such as having the 한글 preserved while parenthetically adding Hanja. This and several other Hanja-related settings can be accessed by clicking the flag drop-down menu in the upper-right of the Mac screen.

Hanja

2012-05-02T14:19:06Z

Tyrannus Mundi: /* Does every Hanja character have only one sound representation? */ more detail

{{Notice|Under construction}}
'''Hanja''' (한자, 漢字) is the Korean name for '''Chinese characters'''. More specifically, it refers to those Chinese characters borrowed from Chinese and incorporated into the Korean language with Korean pronunciation. ''Hanja-mal'' (한자말) or ''hanja-eo'' (한자어, [[漢]][[字]][[語]]) refers to words which can be written with hanja, and ''hanmun'' (한문, [[漢]][[文]]) refers to Classical Chinese writing, although "hanja" is sometimes used loosely to encompass these other concepts. Because hanja never underwent major reform, they are almost entirely identical to traditional Chinese and ''kyūjitai'' characters. Only a small number of hanja characters are modified or unique to Korean. By contrast, many of the Chinese characters currently in use in Japan (''kanji'') and Mainland China have been simplified, and contain fewer strokes than the corresponding hanja characters.

*[[Hanja (article)]]

==Hanja Lessons==
*[[Important 한자]]
*[[Important 한자 2]]
*[[Important 한자 3]]
*[[Cheonjamun]] "Thousand Character Classic"
*[[Writing Hanja]]

*Beginners 한자
*Intermediate 한자
*Advanced 한자

==Hanja By Level ==
These helped me study for the 한자능력검정시험 by level. The test is entirely in Korean, but some of the definitions of the hanja are not easy to understand. So, the English definitions are in parentheses. I tried as much as possible to use the meanings that are actually used, the point being not just to memorize the Korean definition for the test, but to help the foreigner use these to understand vocabulary. So, the supplemental meanings are also important in this latter sense. The first meaning is the one accepted as being its major definition, as best as I could, although there seems to be no complete consensus on that issue.
*[[Level 8]] 50 total beginner hanja
*[[Level 7]] 102 elementary school
*[[Level 6]] 142 elementary school
*[[Level 5]] 184 elementary school
*[[Level 4II]] 313 middle school
*[[Level 4I]] 232 middle school
*[[Level 3II]] 357 high school
*[[Level 3I]] 414 high school
*[[Level 2]] 539 college
*[[Level 1]] 1151 scholarly
*[[Level 0]] 4000+ Ph.D level (특급 I & II)

==Hanja characters==
*[[:Category:Chinese_Roots|Find by Korean character]]
*[[:Category:Hanja|Find by Chinese character]]

==Misc==
===Common Hanja used in names===
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Surnames
! Hangeul/한글
! Hanja/한자
|-
| Kim
| 김
| 金
|-
| Park
| 박
| 朴
|-
| Lee
| 이
| 李
|-
| Jung
| 정
| 鄭/丁
|}

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Given Names
! Hangeul/한글
! Hanja/한자
|-
| Kyong
| 경
| 景
|-
| Rim/Lim
| 림
| 琳
|-
| Myung
| 명
| 明
|-
| Mi
| 미
| 美
|-
| Hyung
| 형
| 炯/亨
|}

==FAQ==
===What is the point in learning Hanja?===
1. A great deal of Korean words are made up of hanja. Learning the hanja will allow you to memorize the words more quickly, as knowing the roots will assist you in this process. In English, it can be equated to knowing Latin and Greek root words. Knowing the root of a word can help you understand its meaning and remember it later.

2. This will also serve you well in other countries. If your visual memory is strong, the hanja you learn in Korea can be found (with some differences) in Japan, China and Taiwan. Thus even a limited grasp of hanja is useful when traveling in Asia. For example, numbers for dates, times, and prices.

3. There are also a lot of hanja the average person is expected to know, for example man (男) and woman (女), so a door might be labeled with the hanja characters on a rest room door. This would be a good time to know hanja so you don't walk into the wrong bathroom! For real life images of hanja in use, see: [[:Category:Hanja images]]

4. It will really help your pronunciation. Ask yourself, can you discern between the following:
권 (5 hanja for level 3) and 관 (9 hanja for level 3) e.g. ... do you say 관력 as a mistake for 권력 (power)?
정 and 청 ? e.g. do you say 정소 or 청소 for 'to clean'?
장 and 창 ? e.g. do you say 청와대 or 정와대 for 'the Korean presidential mansion, the so-called 'blue house'' ?

Hanja study will help supplement your weak areas. When pronuncing words, you may be slurring them, but you will never pass a hanja test without knowing which is which?

5. Finally, it will increase your vocabulary because even though you may be aware that 손바닥 장 (掌) means 'palm' in English, do you know what palm is in Korean? And, do you know the differnce between 이르다 and 이루다 ? Here, studying hanja will help teach you the meaning of Korean vocabulary you otherwise may not have studied so in depth.

===Does every Hanja character have only one sound representation?===
No, some Hanja characters have more than one representation.

In some cases the pronunciation depends on where it appears in a word. For example the character [[年]](year) is pronounced as 연 if it appears at the beginning of the word, and 년 if it appears elsewhere. This is the result of a historic sound change where /n/ and /l/ dropped at the beginning of words (hence the name Lee being written in Hangeul as 이). This sound change did not take place in northern Korean, however, and the pronunciations remain unified in the North (hence 리 rather than 이). Their pronunciations, though, often closely resemble each other. See the table below:


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Character !! South Korean representation !! Notes !! Examples
|-
|年 (year) ||연, 년 || Pronounced 연 at the beginning of a word, 년 elsewhere
|
*연초 <年初> - the beginning of the year
*연말 <年末> - the end of the year
*작년 <昨年> - last year
*내년 <來年> - next year
|-
|立 (stand, establish )||입, 립 || Pronounced 입 at the beginning of a word, 립 elsewhere
|
*입식 <立式> -
*독립 <獨立> - independence
*조립 <組立> - construction, set-up

|-
|女 (girl, woman)||여, 녀 || Pronounced 여 at the beginning of a word, 녀 elsewhere
|
*여자 <女子> - woman, female
*여학생 <女學生> - a female student
*소녀 <少女> - a young girl
*미녀 <美女> - a beautiful girl
|-
|不 (negation) ||불, 부 || No rule, some words just use one or the other
|
*부정 <不正> - unlawfulness, dishonesty
*부득이 <不得已> - unavoidably, inevitably
*불편 <不便> - discomfort
*불가능 < 不可能 > - impossibility
|}


===How do I find a certain character in a dictionary?===
Depending on dictionary, there are a number of ways to look up a character, especially in electronic ones. They can sometimes be found in the 국어 ''(language)'' menu.
 

'''Normal look up (한글->한자)'''
 
This is probably the easiest way to find one in daily use in Korea. This type of look up is for Sino-Korean vocabulary (words of Chinese origin). For example, to see which characters make up the word 무한 ([[無]][[限]]), just type in the words as you would in a normal Korean vocabulary look up and the characters should appear next to the Korean word. Some electric dictionaries will have separate look up methods, one for normal Korean usage, and one that will break down each character and will give meanings for each character.
 

'''By Pronunciation/음 (한글->한자)'''
 
Type in the pronunciation, for example 무, and anywhere from 10 to 60 different characters will be shown that has that pronunciation. Although a clear demonstration as to the need for hanja for clarification, this is a fairly tedious way to find characters.
 

'''By Stroke/획수 (한자->한글)'''
 
For many simple characters and beginners, it is easiest to count the number of strokes and putting that number into the search. "총획수" indicates that the number of strokes you put in is the number of strokes for the entire character.
 

'''By Radical/부수 (한자->한글)'''
 
For more complex characters and those familiar with hanja, it is easiest to look up by number of strokes in the radical (부수획수). Correctly identify the number of strokes in the radical and type that into the search. Then type the number of strokes in the rest of the character (잔여획수).

===In what order are the strokes for a character?===

===How do I type a Hanja character?===
====For Windows====
[[File:Language bar undocked windows7.jpg|right|thumb|Undocked language bar panel on Windows 7|250px]]
[[File:Language bar docked windows7.jpg|right|thumb|Docked language bar panel on Windows 7|250px]]
Type in the Korean 한글 equivalent of the word for which you want the hanja form. While the the character is still "active" (meaning you can still see the line underneath the character), click the [漢] icon (in the language toolbar) and a small menu of the all the possible hanja characters should pop up. Type the designated number or click the desired character and it should replace the Korean 한글 with hanja. Alternatively, you can click on the bucket icon to draw the hanja you want.
{{-}}
====For Mac OS X====
[[File:Type-hanja-mac.png|right|thumb|Hanja selection list in Mac OS X TextEdit.|250px]]
[[File:Mac hanja settings.png|right|thumb|Various Hanja-related preferences. Can be accessed through the flag icon at the top-right of screen.|250px]]
First, enable 한글 typing in the language system preferences; the keyboard input method doesn't matter. Just like in Windows, the "active" character is represented by an underline. While a character is still active, press the key combination "Option-Return." A list of potential Hanja shows up for that character.

You can also change the way Hanja characters are displayed, such as having the 한글 preserved while parenthetically adding Hanja. This and several other Hanja-related settings can be accessed by clicking the flag drop-down menu in the upper-right of the Mac screen.