아/어/여 + 요: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 18:53, 3 February 2009

Using the 요 ending adds politeness. In order to make the verb or adjective informal low form, known as 반말 one can usually simply remove the 요 at the end of the word.

Conjugation Rule

why is it verbs like 내다 don't get a 어 attached to it, like it's not 내어요 , but then 쉬다 is 쉬어 right?

Verb Stem + 아

If the last syllable of the stem contains the vowels ㅗ or ㅏ, then 아요 is added. Note that if it already contains an ㅏ in the stem then an extra 아 is not written. Note this rule does not apply for 하다 verbs, see the section below for 하다 verbs.
가다→가요
오다→오아다 → 와요 *note ㅗ + ㅏ can be contracted into ㅘ.

Examples for Verb Stem + 아
Verb/Adjective	Stem	After Conjugation	Contracted Form	Present Tense	Past Tense
가다 (to go)	가	가아	가	가(요)	갔어(요)
괜찮다 (to be fine, ok)	괜찮	괜찮아	N/A	괜찮아(요)	괜찮았어(요)
놀다 (to play)	놀	놀아	N/A	놀아(요)	놀았어(요)
맞다 (to be right, correct)	맞	맞아	N/A	맞아(요)	맞았어(요)
보다 (to see)	보	보아	봐	봐(요) / 보아(요	봤어(요) / 보았어(요)
사다	사	사아	사	사(요)	샀어(요)
오다 (to come)	오	오아	와	와(요) / 오아(요)	왔어(요) / 오았어(요)
좋다 (to like)	좋	좋아	N/A	좋아(요)	좋았어(요)

Verb Stem + 어

If the last syllable of the stem contains any vowel except 오, 아, and is not a containing 하다 verb then it becomes an 어. Note that verb stems with 이 turn into a 여(see next section), it is due to a contraction of 이 + 어 = 여. Since the non contracted form is rarely used, the 이 containing verb stems has been given it's own section and excluded from this section.

anything with v+어 +어 verbs? otherwise remove after conjucation

Examples for Verb Stem + 어
Verb/Adjective	Stem	After Conjugation	Contracted Form	Present Tense	Past Tense
먹다 (to eat)	먹	먹어	N/A	먹어(요)	먹었(요)
신다 (to put on shoes/socks)	신	신어	N/A	신어(요)	신었어(요)
쓰다 (to write)	쓰	쓰어	써	써(요)	썼어(요)
울다 (to cry)	울	울어	N/A	울어(요)	울었(요)
읽다 (to read)	읽	읽어	N/A	읽어(요)	읽었(요)
재미있다 (to be fun, interesting)	재미있	재미있ㅓ	N/A	재미있어(요)	재미있었어(요)
주다 (to give)	주	주어	줘	줘요 / 주어(요)	줬어(요) / 주었어(요)
크다 (to be big)	크	크어	커	커(요)	컸어(요)
필요없다 (to need)	필요없	필요없어	N/A	필요없어(요)	필요없었어(요)
힘들다 (to be difficult, tiring)	힘들	힘들어	N/A	힘들어(요)	힘들었어(요)

seperate table

If the last syllable of the stem contains the vowels 이, then it becomes a 여. The 여 is a result of the contraction between 이 + 어. Note the non contracted version is rarely ever used, so avoid using it, especially in colloquial speech and many people won't understand. Doesn't work for 읽 for example, explain why.

시키다 걸리다 내리다 놀이다 보이다 붙이다 피다(어? or not)

하다 Verbs

하 becomes 해.

공부하다 건강하다 그리다 설명하다 연습하다 (cons assim) 연락하다 필요하다

Conjugation Examples

Original → After

Sentence Examples

Example

Usage Exceptions

People saying 맞어 and 아퍼

Pronunciation

Special pronunciation rule?

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 ==Conjugation Rule==
+why is it verbs like 내다 don't get a 어 attached to it, like it's not 내어요 , but then 쉬다 is 쉬어 right?
-===아===
+===Verb Stem + 아===
 If the last syllable of the stem contains the vowels ㅗ or ㅏ, then 아요 is added. Note that if it already contains an ㅏ in the stem then an extra 아 is not written. Note this rule does not apply for 하다 verbs, see the section below for 하다 verbs.<br>
 가다→가요<br>
 오다→오아다 → 와요 *note ㅗ + ㅏ can be contracted into ㅘ.<br>
 {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
-|+Verbs Containing 아
+|+Examples for Verb Stem + 아
 |-
-! Verb/Adjective !! Stem !! After Conjugation !! Contracted Form !! Present Tense !! Past Tense
+! Verb/Adjective !! Stem !! After Conjugation !! Contracted Form !! [[Present Tense]] !! [[Past Tense]]
 |-
 | 가다 (to go)
@@ Line 38: / Line 39: @@
 |}
+===Verb Stem + 어===
+If the last syllable of the stem contains any vowel except 오, 아, and is not a containing 하다 verb then it becomes an 어. Note that verb stems with 이 turn into a 여(see next section), it is due to a contraction of 이 + 어 = 여. Since the non contracted form is rarely used, the 이 containing verb stems has been given it's own section and excluded from this section.
@@ Line 44: / Line 47: @@
-===여===
-If the last syllable of the stem contains the vowels 이, then it becomes a 여.
-→
-===어===
-If the last syllable of the stem contains any vowel except 오,아, and 이, then it becomes an 어.
+anything with v+어 +어 verbs? otherwise remove after conjucation
+{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
+|+Examples for Verb Stem + 어
+|-
+! Verb/Adjective !! Stem !! After Conjugation !! Contracted Form !! [[Present Tense]] !! [[Past Tense]]
+|-
+| 먹다 (to eat)
+| 먹|| 먹어 || N/A || 먹어(요) ||먹었(요)
+|-
+| 신다 (to put on shoes/socks)
+| 신 || 신어 || N/A || 신어(요) || 신었어(요)
+|-
+| 쓰다 (to write)
+| 쓰 || 쓰어 || 써 || 써(요)|| 썼어(요)
+|-
+| 울다 (to cry)
+| 울 || 울어 || N/A || 울어(요) || 울었(요)
+|-
+| 읽다 (to read)
+| 읽 || 읽어 || N/A || 읽어(요) || 읽었(요)
+|-
+| 재미있다 (to be fun, interesting)
+| 재미있 || 재미있ㅓ || N/A || 재미있어(요) || 재미있었어(요)
+|-
+| 주다 (to give)
+| 주 || 주어 || 줘 || 줘요 / 주어(요) || 줬어(요) / 주었어(요)
+|-
+| 크다 (to be big)
+| 크 || 크어 || 커 || 커(요) || 컸어(요)
+|-
+| 필요없다 (to need)
+| 필요없 || 필요없어 || N/A || 필요없어(요) || 필요없었어(요)
+|-
+| 힘들다 (to be difficult, tiring)
+| 힘들 || 힘들어 || N/A || 힘들어(요) || 힘들었어(요)
+|}
+*seperate table
+If the last syllable of the stem contains the vowels 이, then it becomes a 여. The 여 is a result of the contraction between 이 + 어. Note the non contracted version is rarely ever used, so avoid using it, especially in colloquial speech and many people won't understand. Doesn't work for 읽 for example, explain why.
+시키다
+걸리다
+내리다
+놀이다
+보이다
+붙이다
+피다(어? or not)
 ===하다 Verbs===
 하 becomes 해.
+공부하다
+건강하다
+그리다
+설명하다
+연습하다 (cons assim)
+연락하다
+필요하다
 ==Conjugation Examples==
 *Original → After