Difference between revisions of "Adverbs"

From Korean Wiki Project
Jump to: navigation, search
(→‎Common Adverbs Ending with (으)로)
Line 1: Line 1:
 
{{stub}}
 
{{stub}}
 
In general, many adverbs, called 부사 in Korean, are created by attaching 게 to to the end of an adjective stem ([[A + 게]]). However, sometimes there is a more natural form, especially adverbs ending with the syllable 히 or (으)로. Also since Korean and English are quite different languages, some of the adverbs translated literally into English can sound awkward, for example '맛있게 먹다' means eat deliciously.
 
In general, many adverbs, called 부사 in Korean, are created by attaching 게 to to the end of an adjective stem ([[A + 게]]). However, sometimes there is a more natural form, especially adverbs ending with the syllable 히 or (으)로. Also since Korean and English are quite different languages, some of the adverbs translated literally into English can sound awkward, for example '맛있게 먹다' means eat deliciously.
−
 
+
* - lightly
 +
*
 
==Common Adverbs Formed with Adjective + 게==
 
==Common Adverbs Formed with Adjective + 게==
 
Also see: [[A + 게]]
 
Also see: [[A + 게]]
Line 9: Line 10:
 
! Adjective (descriptive verb) !! Meaning !! Adverb form !! Meaning
 
! Adjective (descriptive verb) !! Meaning !! Adverb form !! Meaning
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 편하다 || to be comfortable ||편하게 || comfortably
+
|가볍다 ||to be light || 가볍게 ||lightly
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 어렵다 || to be difficult ||어렵게  || difficultly
+
|나쁘게||to be bad ||나쁘게 ||
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 자유롭다 || to be free  || 자유롭게 || freely
+
|늦다 || to be late ||늦게  || late (adv)
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 행복하다  || to be happy || 행복하게 || Happily
+
|맛있다 ||to be delicious ||맛있게 ||
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 즐겁다 || to be pleasant  || 즐겁게 || pleasantly
+
|무례하다 ||to be rude ||무례하게 ||rudely
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 아름답다 || to be beautiful  || 아름답게 || beautifully
+
|바쁘다 || to be busy || 바쁘게 ||
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 조용하다 || to be quiet || 조용하게 || quietly
+
|밝다 || || 밝게 ||
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 용기있는 || to be brave  || 용기있게 || bravely
+
|싸다 || to be cheap ||싸게 || cheaply
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 편리하다  || to be convenient || 편리하게 || conveniently
+
| 아름답다 || to be beautiful || 아름답게 || beautifully
−
|-
+
−
| 크다 || to be large ||크게  || largely
+
 
|-
 
|-
 
|안전하다 || to be safe ||안전하게  || safely
 
|안전하다 || to be safe ||안전하게  || safely
 
|-
 
|-
−
|싸다|| to be cheap ||싸게  || cheaply
+
| 어렵다 || to be difficult ||어렵게  || difficultly
 
|-
 
|-
−
|늦다 || to be late ||늦게 || late (adv)
+
| 이쁘다 || to be pretty || 이쁘게 ||
 +
|-
 +
| 용기 있다 || to have courage || 용기있게 || bravely, courageously
 
|-
 
|-
 
|위험하다  ||to be dangerous  || 위험하게 || dangerously
 
|위험하다  ||to be dangerous  || 위험하게 || dangerously
 +
|-
 +
|자연스럽다 || to be natural || 가연스럽게 || naturally
 +
|-
 +
| 자유롭다 || to be free  || 자유롭게 || freely
 +
|-
 +
| 재미있다 || to be fun || 재미있게 ||
 +
|-
 +
| 조용하다 || to be quiet || 조용하게 || quietly
 +
|-
 +
| 즐겁다 || to be pleasant  || 즐겁게 || pleasantly
 +
|-
 +
| 크다 || to be large ||크게  || largely
 +
|-
 +
| 편리하다  || to be convenient  || 편리하게 || conveniently
 +
|-
 +
| 편하다 || to be comfortable ||편하게 || comfortably
 +
|-
 +
| 행복하다  || to be happy || 행복하게 || Happily
 
|}
 
|}
  
Line 44: Line 63:
  
 
Say "큰 사람" when you would like say "big,large, or tall person."
 
Say "큰 사람" when you would like say "big,large, or tall person."
−
*재미있게 - have fun doing, enjoy ~ing
+
 
−
*바쁘게
+
−
*예쁘게
+
−
*나쁘게
+
−
*무례하게
+
−
*맛있게
+
−
*밝게
+
−
*자여스럽게 - naturally
+
−
*가볍게 - lightly
+
  
 
==Common Adverbs Ending with 히==
 
==Common Adverbs Ending with 히==

Revision as of 01:48, 27 September 2010

Construction.png


In general, many adverbs, called 부사 in Korean, are created by attaching 게 to to the end of an adjective stem (A + 게). However, sometimes there is a more natural form, especially adverbs ending with the syllable 히 or (으)로. Also since Korean and English are quite different languages, some of the adverbs translated literally into English can sound awkward, for example '맛있게 먹다' means eat deliciously.

  • - lightly

Common Adverbs Formed with Adjective + 게

Also see: A + 게

Adverbs formed using adjective + 게
Adjective (descriptive verb) Meaning Adverb form Meaning
가볍다 to be light 가볍게 lightly
나쁘게 to be bad 나쁘게
늦다 to be late 늦게 late (adv)
맛있다 to be delicious 맛있게
무례하다 to be rude 무례하게 rudely
바쁘다 to be busy 바쁘게
밝다 밝게
싸다 to be cheap 싸게 cheaply
아름답다 to be beautiful 아름답게 beautifully
안전하다 to be safe 안전하게 safely
어렵다 to be difficult 어렵게 difficultly
이쁘다 to be pretty 이쁘게
용기 있다 to have courage 용기있게 bravely, courageously
위험하다 to be dangerous 위험하게 dangerously
자연스럽다 to be natural 가연스럽게 naturally
자유롭다 to be free 자유롭게 freely
재미있다 to be fun 재미있게
조용하다 to be quiet 조용하게 quietly
즐겁다 to be pleasant 즐겁게 pleasantly
크다 to be large 크게 largely
편리하다 to be convenient 편리하게 conveniently
편하다 to be comfortable 편하게 comfortably
행복하다 to be happy 행복하게 Happily

As a noun modifier, Korean Adjective has suffix "ㄴ" categories (ex: ~은, ~는). "~다" is used only for complement.

So don't say "크다 남자." That's completely wrong, though you may say "저 남자가 크다." (means "That man is big.")

Say "큰 사람" when you would like say "big,large, or tall person."


Common Adverbs Ending with 히

Adjectives Ending with 히
Adverb Meaning Derived from Meaning
천천히 Slowly N/A slow
솔직히 Honestly, frankly 솔직하다 frank, honest, open
우연히 On accident, by chance 우연하다 accidental, happenchance
특히 Especially, particularly 특별하다 special
확실히 Certainly, for sure, for certain, definitely 확실하다 certain, sure
자세히 In detail 자세하다 detailed
완전히 Completely, fully, perfectly 완전하다 Complete, full, perfect
  • 분명히 - definitely, clearly, certainly
  • 확실히 - definitely, surely, for sure
  • 열심히 - zealously, hard (i.e. work hard)
  • 순순히 - passively, obediently

Korean seldom use "천천한" so don't regard it as mechanical thing.

Some words originated from Chinese Character, like English word with Latin or Greek dervation. That's why you may have some difficulty in finding relation between "특히" & "특별한"

There's some applications of "특". "특식" - special food "특실" - special room "특차" - specially selected and uncountable applications because Chinese charcter has its own meaning and various combinations are possible.

Common Adverbs Ending with (으)로

These are often formed with nouns, sometimes in conjunction with 적 attached to the noun as well.

Adjectives Ending with (으)로
Noun Meaning Adverb Meaning
직접 직접으로 in person
일반 일반적으로 generally
자동 자동으로 automatically
공식 공식적으로 formally, officially
비공식 비공식적으로 informally, unofficially
협동 협동적으로 cooperatively
주기 주기적으로 regularly
장기 장기적으로 in the long term
단기 단기적으로 in the short term
상식 상식적으로 using commonsense, through commonsense
사적으로 personally
적극 적극적으로 enthusiastically, actively, aggressively
획기 획기적으로 innovatively
극적으로 dramatically
기적적으로 miraculously
전적으로 completely, totally, entirely
상대 상대적으로 relatively
잠정 잠정적으로 tentatively
물리 물리적으로 physically
심리 심리적으로 psychologically
질적으로 qualitatively
고질 고질적으로 chronically
  • 기본적으로, fundamentally

Other Adverbs

  • 없이 - without
    • 틀림 없이 - literally 'without error' or 'without a mistake' => Certainly, sure, definitely, no matter what
  • 빨리 - quickly 빠른 is quick, and 빨리 is just similar changing.
  • 많이
  • 일찍 - early
  • 같이 - with, together 같은 means same.

If people has common mind, they could be together. That's why Korean usullay say "우리 아빠 our dad" instead of "내 아빠 my dad." Korean has more concern about concept of community, though it is changing into westernized style like invidualism.

  • 따로 - separately It comes from 다른 (different) If you have different or trecherous mind where you belong to, they will separate you.
  • 깊이 - deeply 깊은 is adj
  • 갑자기 - suddenly 갑작스런 is adj
  • 꼭 - for sure
  • 반드시 - at all cost, no matter what
  • 보통 - usually
  • 전혀 - never
  • 맨날 - every day
  • 자주 - more than often 자주 is more repetive.
  • 자꾸 - continously often 자꾸 is something to do with obsession. "자꾸 니 생각이나" means I can't stop thinking about you.
  • 가끔 - less than sometimes 가끔 means less repetive.
  • 일부러 - on purpose, deliberately
  • 함부로 - carelessly, mindlessly

See also

Retrieved from "http://www.koreanwikiproject.com/wiki/index.php?title=Adverbs&oldid=21061"