Difference between revisions of "N + 이다"
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==Description== | ==Description== | ||
| − | '''Noun + 이다''' : This is a special type of verb (copula) that links the subject of a sentence with a predicate (a subject complement or an adverbial). In English, this pattern would translate '''to be''', '''am''', '''is''', '''are''', '''being''', '''was''', '''were''', '''been'''. | + | '''Noun + 이다''' : See the usages below: |
| + | #This is a special type of verb (copula) that links the subject of a sentence with a predicate (a subject complement or an adverbial). In English, this pattern would translate '''to be''', '''am''', '''is''', '''are''', '''being''', '''was''', '''were''', '''been'''. | ||
| + | #This is also used to connect nouns to certain grammar patterns that normally require a verb or adjective. For example [[A/V + 면]] normally requires an adjective or verb, but we put a noun + 이다 to make it compatible with the pattern. | ||
===Notes=== | ===Notes=== | ||
| Line 6: | Line 8: | ||
*There are no command or suggestion forms. | *There are no command or suggestion forms. | ||
*Although mostly attached to nouns, noun like expressions can also be attached. | *Although mostly attached to nouns, noun like expressions can also be attached. | ||
| − | *There are various grammar patterns that can't be used with 이다, see [[이다# | + | *There are various grammar patterns that can't be used with 이다, see the [[이다#Incompatible_Grammar_Patterns|incompatible grammar patterns]] section below. |
| + | |||
==Conjugation Rule== | ==Conjugation Rule== | ||
<!--also add past form--> | <!--also add past form--> | ||
| + | <!-- | ||
| + | {| class="wikitable" | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ! Pattern !! Case !! Example | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Noun + 였습니다 | ||
| + | | If there is no [[받침]](Formal style) | ||
| + | | 의사였습니다 | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Noun + 였습니다 | ||
| + | | If there is no a [[받침]](Formal style) | ||
| + | | 선생님이었습니다 | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Noun + 였어요 | ||
| + | | If there is no [[받침]] (informal polite) | ||
| + | | 의사였어요 | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Noun + 이었요 | ||
| + | | If there is a [[받침]] (informal polite) | ||
| + | | 선생님이었어요 | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Noun + 였어 | ||
| + | | If there is no [[받침]] | ||
| + | | 의사였어 | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Noun + 이었어 | ||
| + | | If there is a [[받침]] | ||
| + | | 선생님이었어 | ||
| + | |} | ||
| + | |||
| + | *그 사람은 내 남편이었어.(He was my husbund.) | ||
| + | *아버지는 변호사였어.(My father was a lowyer.) | ||
| + | *그건 제 잘못이었어요.(That was my fault.) | ||
| + | *프렌즈는 정말 재밌는 시트콤이었어요.('Friends' was a relly interesting sitcom.) | ||
| + | *어제는 친구의 생일이었습니다.(It was my friend's birthday yesterday.) | ||
| + | --> | ||
===High Form=== | ===High Form=== | ||
| Line 75: | Line 114: | ||
}} | }} | ||
| − | ==Incompatible | + | ==Incompatible Grammars== |
| − | Grammar | + | Grammar patterns that can't be used with 이다 |
| − | * | + | *This grammar pattern cannot be used with grammar patterns that express suggestion or a command, i.e. [[V + 아/어 + 라]] or [[V + 자]] |
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
*[[아니다]] | *[[아니다]] | ||
| − | + | [[Category:Grammar|ㅇ]] | |
| − | [[Category:SNU | + | [[Category:SNU level 1 grammar|ㅇ]] |
| + | [[Category:Sogang level 1 grammar|ㅇ]] | ||
Latest revision as of 05:49, 15 January 2014
Contents
Description
Noun + 이다 : See the usages below:
- This is a special type of verb (copula) that links the subject of a sentence with a predicate (a subject complement or an adverbial). In English, this pattern would translate to be, am, is, are, being, was, were, been.
- This is also used to connect nouns to certain grammar patterns that normally require a verb or adjective. For example A/V + 면 normally requires an adjective or verb, but we put a noun + 이다 to make it compatible with the pattern.
Notes
- The opposite pattern is 아니다(to not be).
- There are no command or suggestion forms.
- Although mostly attached to nouns, noun like expressions can also be attached.
- There are various grammar patterns that can't be used with 이다, see the incompatible grammar patterns section below.
Conjugation Rule
High Form
| Pattern | Case | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Noun + 입니다 | Formal style (받침 or no 받침) | 의사입니다, 선생님입니다 |
| Noun + 예요 | If there is no 받침 (informal polite) | 의사예요 |
| Noun + 이에요 | If there is a 받침 (informal polite) | 선생님이에요 |
Low Form
| Pattern | Case | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Noun + 야 | If there is no 받침 | 의사야 |
| Noun + 이야 | If there is a 받침 | 선생님이야 |
Sentence Examples
| Korean | English | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 저는 미국인입니다. | I'm an American. | Formal form |
| 여기는 한국입니다. | This is Korea. | Formal form |
| 저의 이름은 철수예요. | My name is Chul Su. | Polite informal form |
| 쟤는 제 친구예요. | That person is my friend. | Polite informal form |
| 그것은 제 지갑이에요. | It is my wallet. | Polite informal form |
| 저는 학생이에요. | I'm a student. | Polite informal form |
| 벌써 겨울이야. | It's already winter. | Low form |
| 우리 개는 푸들이야. | My dog is a poodle. | Low form |
| 브래드 피트는 내가 가장 좋아하는 배우야. | Brad Pitt is my favorite actor. | Low form |
| 오늘이 내 생일이야. | Today is my birthday. | Low form |
Incompatible Grammars
Grammar patterns that can't be used with 이다
- This grammar pattern cannot be used with grammar patterns that express suggestion or a command, i.e. V + 아/어 + 라 or V + 자
