Difference between revisions of "Important 한자"
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==Introduction== | ==Introduction== | ||
| − | [[Hanja]] is the Korean name for Chinese characters. More specifically, it refers to those Chinese characters borrowed from Chinese and incorporated into the Korean language with Korean pronunciation. Since a lot of Korean words are derived from Chinese, learning 한자 can be like learning prefixes, suffixes and root words. | + | [[Hanja]] is the Korean name for Chinese characters. More specifically, it refers to those Chinese characters borrowed from Chinese and incorporated into the Korean language with Korean pronunciation. Since a lot of Korean words are derived from Chinese, learning 한자 can be like learning prefixes, suffixes and root words. This section will introduce to you important 한자 characters, some of them which are not beginner level characters. |
| − | Please note: | + | Please note: - means there is no Hanja character for it, i.e. 동네 <[[洞]]->. There is no Hanja character for 네, - is not to be confused for 일 ([[一]]). |
Also note that some chinese characters have two ways to pronounce it. For example, '[[女]]', whch means 'female' can be pronounced as both '여' and '녀' in Korean. But as you can see from the examples, 여 is only used when it comes as the first syllable of a word, while 녀 is only used in the middle of a word or at the end. This is a special grammatical rule called '두음법칙' or '머리소리 법칙' and North Korea doesn't follow this rule (nor do they use 한자 anymore). | Also note that some chinese characters have two ways to pronounce it. For example, '[[女]]', whch means 'female' can be pronounced as both '여' and '녀' in Korean. But as you can see from the examples, 여 is only used when it comes as the first syllable of a word, while 녀 is only used in the middle of a word or at the end. This is a special grammatical rule called '두음법칙' or '머리소리 법칙' and North Korea doesn't follow this rule (nor do they use 한자 anymore). | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| Sunday<br>[[File:日.png|150px]]<br>일요일<br>Sun day<br>[[日]] (일) - the sun | | Sunday<br>[[File:日.png|150px]]<br>일요일<br>Sun day<br>[[日]] (일) - the sun | ||
| − | | Monday <br>[[File:月.png|150px]] 월요일<br>Moon day<br>[[月]] (월) - the moon | + | | Monday <br>[[File:月.png|150px]]<br>월요일<br>Moon day<br>[[月]] (월) - the moon |
| − | | Tuesday <br>[[File:火.png|150px]] 화요일<br>Fire day<br>[[火]] (화) - fire | + | | Tuesday <br>[[File:火.png|150px]]<br>화요일<br>Fire day<br>[[火]] (화) - fire |
| − | | Wednesday <br>[[File:水.png|150px]]수요일<br>Water day<br>[[水]] (수) - water | + | | Wednesday <br>[[File:水.png|150px]]<br>수요일<br>Water day<br>[[水]] (수) - water |
| − | | Thursday <br>[[File:木.png|150px]]목요일<br>Tree day<br>[[木]] (목) - tree | + | | Thursday <br>[[File:木.png|150px]]<br>목요일<br>Tree day<br>[[木]] (목) - tree |
| − | | Friday <br>[[File:金.png|150px]]금요일<br>Metal/gold day<br>[[金]] (금) - gold, metal | + | | Friday <br>[[File:金.png|150px]]<br>금요일<br>Metal/gold day<br>[[金]] (금) - gold, metal |
| − | | Saturday <br>[[File:土.png|150px]]토요일<br>Earth day<br>[[土]] (토) - soil, earth | + | | Saturday <br>[[File:土.png|150px]]<br>토요일<br>Earth day<br>[[土]] (토) - soil, earth |
|} | |} | ||
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*전후<前後> = 앞-뒤 OR 전-후= Front-Rear OR Before-After | *전후<前後> = 앞-뒤 OR 전-후= Front-Rear OR Before-After | ||
*상하<上下> = 위-아래 = Up-Down OR upper sides-lower sides | *상하<上下> = 위-아래 = Up-Down OR upper sides-lower sides | ||
| − | * 남녀<男女> = 남자-여자 = Man-Woman | + | *남녀<男女> = 남자-여자 = Man-Woman |
| − | * 노소<老少> = 늙다-젊다 = Old-Young | + | *노소<老少> = 늙다-젊다 = Old-Young |
| − | * 유무<有無> = 있다-없다 = Existence-Nonexistence | + | *유무<有無> = 있다-없다 = Existence-Nonexistence |
| − | * 내외<內外> = 안-밖 = Inside-Outside | + | *내외<內外> = 안-밖 = Inside-Outside |
| − | * 주야<晝夜> = 낮-밤 = Day-Night | + | *주야<晝夜> = 낮-밤 = Day-Night |
}} | }} | ||
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*다소<多少> = 많다-적다 = Many-Little | *다소<多少> = 많다-적다 = Many-Little | ||
*고저<高低> = 높다-낮다 = High-Low | *고저<高低> = 높다-낮다 = High-Low | ||
| − | * 가감<加減> = 더하다-빼다 = Increase-Decrease | + | *가감<加減> = 더하다-빼다 = Increase-Decrease |
| − | * 빈부<貧富> = 가난하다-넉넉하다 = Poor-Rich | + | *빈부<貧富> = 가난하다-넉넉하다 = Poor-Rich |
* | * | ||
* | * | ||
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|char =江 | |char =江 | ||
|def =River | |def =River | ||
| − | |examples=*강 < 江 > - River | + | |examples=*강 <[[江]]> - River |
| − | *한강 < | + | *한강 <[[漢]][[江]]> - Han River |
| − | *강남 < | + | *강남 <[[江]][[南]]> - South of the river |
| − | *강북 < | + | *강북 <[[江]][[北]]> - North of the river |
*강가 - Riverside,Riverbank | *강가 - Riverside,Riverbank | ||
| − | * 강변 < | + | *강변 <[[江]][[邊]]> - Riverside,Riverbank |
| − | * 강변도로 < | + | *강변도로 <[[江]][[邊]][[道]][[路]]> - Riverside road |
| − | * 강둑 - River embankment | + | *강둑 - River embankment |
| − | * 강물 - River water | + | *강물 - River water |
| − | * 강줄기 - River course | + | *강줄기 - River course |
}} | }} | ||
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|char =高 | |char =高 | ||
|def = High, Tall | |def = High, Tall | ||
| − | |examples=*고속 < | + | |examples=*고속 <[[高]][[速]]> - High speed |
*고속버스 - Express bus | *고속버스 - Express bus | ||
| − | *고층 < | + | *고층 <[[高]][[層]]> - Upper floors |
| − | *고층빌딩 < | + | *고층빌딩 <[[高]][[層]]--> - Skyscraper |
| − | *고급 < | + | *고급 <[[高]][[級]]> - High rank, High grade/class, Seniority |
| − | * 최고 < | + | *최고 <[[最]][[高]]> - Maximum, Best, Supremacy |
| − | * 고등 < | + | *고등 <[[高]][[等]]> - High level (grade) |
| − | * 고등학교 < | + | *고등학교 <[[高]][[等]][[學]][[校]]> - High school |
| − | * 고등학생 < | + | *고등학생 <[[高]][[等]][[學]][[生]]> - High school student |
| − | * 고혈압 < | + | *고혈압 <[[高]][[血]][[壓]]> - High blood pressure |
}} | }} | ||
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|char = 科 | |char = 科 | ||
|def = Section, Department, Science | |def = Section, Department, Science | ||
| − | |examples=*치과 < | + | |examples=*치과 <[[齒]][[科]]> - Dentist office, Dentistry |
| − | *안과 < | + | *안과 <[[眼]][[科]]> - Ophthalmology |
| − | *정형외과 < | + | *정형외과 <[[整]][[形]][[外]][[科]]> - Orthopedics |
| − | *과목 < | + | *과목 <[[科]][[目]]> - Subject, Lesson |
| − | *학과 < | + | *학과 <[[學]][[科]]> - School subject, Lesson |
| − | * 교과서 < | + | *교과서 <[[敎]][[科]][[書]]> - Textbook, Schoolbook |
| − | * 영문학과 < | + | *영문학과 <[[英]][[文]][[學]][[科]]> - The English literature department |
| − | * 컴퓨터공학과 <--- | + | *컴퓨터공학과 <---[[工]][[學]][[科]]> - The computer engineering department |
| − | * 과학 < | + | *과학 <[[科]][[學]]> - Science |
| − | * 과학자 < | + | *과학자 <[[科]][[學]][[者]]> - Scientist |
}} | }} | ||
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|char = 敎 | |char = 敎 | ||
|def = Teach, faith, religion | |def = Teach, faith, religion | ||
| − | |examples=*교육 < | + | |examples=*교육 <[[敎]][[育]]> - Education |
| − | *교수 < | + | *교수 <[[敎]][[授]]> - Professor |
| − | *교사 < | + | *교사 <[[敎]][[師]]> - Teacher |
| − | *교과 < | + | *교과 <[[敎]][[科]]> - Subject |
| − | *교과서 < | + | *교과서 <[[敎]][[科]][[書]]> - Textbook (school) |
| − | * 교무실 < | + | *교무실 <[[敎]][[務]][[室]]> - Teacher's office |
| − | * 종교 < | + | *종교 <[[宗]][[敎]]> - Religion |
| − | * 기독교 < | + | *기독교 <[[基]][[督]][[敎]]> - Christianity |
| − | * 천주교 < | + | *천주교 <[[天]][[主]][[敎]]> - Catholicism |
| − | * 불교 < | + | *불교 <[[佛]][[敎]]> - Buddhism |
}} | }} | ||
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|char =校 | |char =校 | ||
|def = School | |def = School | ||
| − | |examples=*학교 < | + | |examples=*학교 <[[學]][[校]]> - School |
| − | *초등학교 < | + | *초등학교 <[[初]][[等]][[學]][[校]]> - Elementary school |
| − | *모교 < | + | *모교 <[[母]][[校]]> - Alma mater |
| − | *등교 < | + | *등교 <[[登]][[校]]> - Attending school |
| − | *교문 < | + | *교문 <[[校]][[門]]> - School gate |
| − | * 교가 < | + | *교가 <[[校]][[歌]]> - School song |
| − | * 교정 < | + | *교정 <[[校]][[庭]]> - The campus |
| − | * 교복 < | + | *교복 <[[校]][[服]]> - School uniform |
| − | * 교훈 < | + | *교훈 <[[校]][[訓]]> - Motto for school discipline |
| − | * 교장 < | + | *교장 <[[校]][[長]]> - Principal, Head a school |
}} | }} | ||
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|char =區 | |char =區 | ||
|def = District, ward , area | |def = District, ward , area | ||
| − | |examples=*강남구 < 江南區 > - Gangnam district | + | |examples=*강남구 <[[江南區]]> - Gangnam district |
| − | *성북구 < 城北區 > - Sungbuk district | + | *성북구 <[[城北區]]> - Sungbuk district |
| − | *구청 < | + | *구청 <[[區]][[廳]]> - District office |
| − | *구민 < | + | *구민 <[[區]][[民]]> - The inhabitants of a district |
| − | *구분 < | + | *구분 <[[區]][[分]]> - A division, A section |
| − | * 구역 < | + | *구역 <[[區]][[域]]> - A zone, A district |
| − | * 구획 < | + | *구획 <[[區]][[劃]]> - A section, A division |
| − | * 구별 < | + | *구별 <[[區]][[別]]> - Distinction, Classification |
| − | * 구간 < | + | *구간 <[[區]][[間]]> - A section, A block |
| − | * 지역구 < | + | *지역구 <[[地]][[域]][[區]]> - Local constituencies(electorates) |
}} | }} | ||
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|char = 口 | |char = 口 | ||
|def = Entrance, gate, mouth, open end | |def = Entrance, gate, mouth, open end | ||
| − | |examples=*입구 < | + | |examples=*입구 <[[入]][[口]]> - Entrance, way in |
| − | *출구 < | + | *출구 <[[出]][[口]]> - Exit, way out |
| − | *구강암 < | + | *구강암 <[[口]][[腔]][[癌]]> - Cancer of the mouth |
| − | *은행창구 < | + | *은행창구 <[[銀]][[行]][[窓]][[口]]> - Bank windows |
| − | *출납구 < | + | *출납구 <[[出]][[納]][[口]]> - (Bank) Teller window |
| − | * 항구 < | + | *항구 <[[港]][[口]]> - Port,Harbor |
| − | * 구호 < | + | *구호 <[[口]][[號]]> - Slogan, Motto |
| − | * 구두시험 < | + | *구두시험 <[[口]][[頭]][[試]][[驗]]> - Oral test |
| − | * 인구 < | + | *인구 <[[人]][[口]]> - Population |
| − | * 식구 < | + | *식구 <[[食]][[口]]> - Members of a family |
}} | }} | ||
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|char = 國 | |char = 國 | ||
|def = Nation, country | |def = Nation, country | ||
| − | |examples=*국민 < | + | |examples=*국민 <[[國]][[民]]> - A nation, the nation, a people the people |
| − | *외국 < | + | *외국 <[[外]][[國]]> - A foreign country |
| − | *한국 < | + | *한국 <[[韓]][[國]]> - Korea |
| − | *미국 < | + | *미국 <[[美]][[國]]> - The United States |
| − | *중국 < | + | *중국 <[[中]][[國]]> - China |
| − | * 국화 < | + | *국화 <[[國]][[花]]> - National Flower |
| − | * 국회 < | + | *국회 <[[國]][[會]]> - The National Assembly |
| − | * 국민 연금 < | + | *국민 연금 <[[國]][[民]][[年]][[金]]> - National pension |
| − | * 국가 < | + | *국가 <[[國]][[歌]]> - National anthem |
| − | * 국보 < | + | *국보 <[[國]][[寶]]> - National treasure(heirloom) |
}} | }} | ||
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|char = 南 | |char = 南 | ||
|def = South | |def = South | ||
| − | |examples=*강남 < | + | |examples=*강남 <[[江]][[南]]> - south of the river |
| − | *경상남도 < | + | *경상남도 <[[慶]][[尙]][[南]][[道]]> - south 경상 province |
| − | *남한 < | + | *전라남도<[[全]][[羅]][[南]][[道]]> - south 전라 province |
| − | *남대문 < | + | *충청남도 <[[忠]][[淸]][[南]][[道]]> - south 충청 province |
| − | *남산 < | + | *남한 <[[南]][[韓]]> - south Korea |
| − | * 남극 < | + | *남대문 <[[南]][[大]][[門]]> - the South Gate of Seoul (Namdaemoon) |
| − | * 남해 < | + | *남산 <[[南]][[山]]> - the South Mountain of Seoul (Namsan) |
| − | * 남향 < | + | *남극 <[[南]][[極]]> - the South Pole |
| − | * 남풍 < | + | *남해 <[[南]][[海]]> - the southern sea |
| − | * 남미 < | + | *남향 <[[南]][[向]]> - a southern exposure |
| + | *남풍 <[[南]][[風]]> - the south wind | ||
| + | *남미 <[[南]][[美]]> - South America | ||
}} | }} | ||
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|char =男 | |char =男 | ||
|def = Male | |def = Male | ||
| − | |examples=*남자 < | + | |examples=*남자 <[[男]][[子]]> - Man, Male |
| − | *남편 < | + | *남편 <[[男]][[便]]> - Husband |
| − | *장남 < | + | *장남 <[[長]][[男]]> - The oldest son |
| − | *차남 < | + | *차남 <[[次]][[男]]> - One´s second son |
| − | *처남 < | + | *처남 <[[妻]][[男]]> - A one's brother-in-law |
| − | * 남동생 < | + | * 남동생 <[[男]][[同]][[生]]> - A younger brother |
| − | * 남학생 < | + | * 남학생 <[[男]][[學]][[生]]> - A boy student |
| − | * 남성호르몬 < | + | * 남성호르몬 <[[男]][[性]]-> - Male hormone(testosterone) |
| − | * 득남 < | + | * 득남 <[[得]][[男]]> - Begetting a son |
| − | * 남성미 < | + | * 남성미 <[[男]][[性]][[美]]> - Masculine beauty |
}} | }} | ||
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|char = 女 | |char = 女 | ||
|def = Female (also [[여]]) | |def = Female (also [[여]]) | ||
| − | |examples=*여자 < | + | |examples=*여자 <[[女]][[子]]> - Woman, Female |
| − | *장녀 < | + | *장녀 <[[長]][[女]]> - The oldest daughter |
| − | *여학생 < | + | *여학생 <[[女]][[學]][[生]]> - A girl student |
| − | *여군 < | + | *여군 <[[女]][[軍]]> - A woman soldier |
| − | *남녀평등 < | + | *남녀평등 <[[男]][[女]][[平]][[等]]> - The equality of the sexes |
| − | * 여동생 < | + | *여동생 <[[女]][[同]][[生]]> - A younger sister |
| − | * 해녀 < | + | *해녀 <[[海]][[女]]> - A woman diver for gathering seafoods |
| − | * 소녀 < | + | *소녀 <[[少]][[女]]> - A young girl |
| − | * 득녀 < | + | *득녀 <[[得]][[女]]> - Begetting a daughter |
| − | * 여성미 < | + | *여성미 <[[女]][[性]][[美]]> - The feminine beauty |
}} | }} | ||
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|char = 年 | |char = 年 | ||
|def = Year (also [[연]]) | |def = Year (also [[연]]) | ||
| − | |examples=*2009년< 年 > - 2009 | + | |examples=*2009년<[[年]]> - 2009 |
| − | *작년 < | + | *작년 <[[昨]][[年]]> - Last year |
| − | *내년 < | + | *내년 <[[來]][[年]]> - Next year |
| − | *매년 < | + | *매년 <[[每]][[年]]> - Every year |
| − | *금년 < | + | *금년 <[[今]][[年]]> - This year |
| − | * 신년 < | + | *신년 <[[新]][[年]]> - New year |
| − | * 3학년 < | + | *3학년 <[[學]][[年]]> - 3rd grade |
| − | * 미성년자 < | + | *미성년자 <[[未]][[成]][[年]][[者]]> - A minor, A person under age |
| − | * 10주년 < | + | *10주년 <[[十]][[週]][[年]]> - 10th anniversary |
| − | * 광년 < | + | *광년 <[[光]][[年]]> - A light-year |
}} | }} | ||
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|char = 大 | |char = 大 | ||
|def = Big, large | |def = Big, large | ||
| − | |examples=*대문자 < | + | |examples=*대문자 <[[大]][[文]][[字]]> - Capital letter(ABCD) ↔ 소문자 <[[小文字]]> - Small letter(abcd) |
| − | *대한민국 < | + | *대한민국 <[[大]][[韓]][[民]][[國]]> - The Republic of Korea |
| − | *대통령 < | + | *대통령 <[[大]][[統]][[領]]> - President |
| − | *대학교 < | + | *대학교 <[[大]][[學]][[校]]> - University |
| − | *대기업 < | + | *대기업 <[[大]][[企]][[業]]> - A large enterprise |
| − | * 대가족 < | + | *대가족 <[[大]][[家]][[族]]> - A large family |
| − | * 대문 < | + | *대문 <[[大]][[門]]> - The main gate |
| − | * 대도시 < | + | *대도시 <[[大]][[都]][[市]]> - A big city, A metropolis |
| − | * 대량 < | + | *대량 <[[大]][[量]]> - A large quantity |
| − | * 확대 < | + | *확대 <[[擴]][[大]]> - Magnification |
}} | }} | ||
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|char = 道 | |char = 道 | ||
|def = Road, Morality | |def = Road, Morality | ||
| − | |examples=*도로 < | + | |examples=*도로 <[[道]][[路]]> - Road, Way |
| − | *철도 < | + | *철도 <[[鐵]][[道]]> - Railroad, Railway |
| − | *횡단보도 < | + | *횡단보도 <[[橫]][[斷]][[步]][[道]]> - Crosswalk |
| − | *인도 < | + | *인도 <[[人]][[道]]> - Sidewalk, Footpath |
| − | *복도 < | + | *복도 <[[複]][[道]]> - Hallway |
| − | * 도덕 < | + | * 도덕 <[[道]][[德]]> - Morality, Ethics |
| − | * 효도 < | + | * 효도 <[[孝]][[道]]> - Filial piety |
| − | * 태권도 < | + | * 태권도 <[[跆]][[拳]][[道]]> - Taekwondo (the Korean art of self-defense) |
| − | * 도리 < | + | * 도리 <[[道]][[理]]> - Truth, Justice |
| − | * 불도 < | + | * 불도 <[[佛]][[道]]> - Buddhism, The teachings of Buddha |
}} | }} | ||
| Line 305: | Line 307: | ||
|char =同 | |char =同 | ||
|def = The same | |def = The same | ||
| − | |examples=*동일 < | + | |examples=*동일 <[[同]]一> - Sameness, Oneness |
| − | *동료 < | + | *동료 <[[同]][[僚]]> - A co-worker, A colleague |
| − | *동호회 < | + | *동호회 <[[同]][[好]][[會]]> - A club |
| − | *동감(하다) < | + | *동감(하다) <[[同]][[感]]> - The same feeling, To feel the same way |
| − | *동의하다 < | + | *동의하다 <[[同]][[意]]> - To agree with a person |
| − | * 동의어 < | + | * 동의어 <[[同]][[義]][[語]]> - A synonym |
| − | * 동시 < | + | * 동시 <[[同]][[時]]> - The same time |
| − | * 동생 < | + | * 동생 <[[同]][[生]]> - A younger brother/sister |
| − | * 공동 < | + | * 공동 <[[共]][[同]]> - Association |
| − | * 동고동락(하다) < | + | * 동고동락(하다) <[[同]][[苦]][[同]][[樂]]> - To share one´s joys and sorrows with someone |
}} | }} | ||
| Line 321: | Line 323: | ||
|char = 動 | |char = 動 | ||
|def = Be moving, be in motion | |def = Be moving, be in motion | ||
| − | |examples=*활동 < 活動 > - Activity, Action | + | |examples=*활동 <[[活動]]> - Activity, Action |
| − | *운동 < | + | *운동 <[[運]][[動]]> - Exercise |
| − | *자동차 < | + | *자동차 <[[自]][[動]][[車]]> - Car |
| − | *동물 < | + | *동물 <[[動]][[物]]> - Animal |
| − | *행동 < | + | *행동 <[[行]][[動]]> - Action |
| − | * 동작 < | + | * 동작 <[[動]][[作]]> - Movement |
| − | * 동사 < | + | * 동사 <[[動]][[詞]]> - Verb |
| − | * 진동 < | + | * 진동 <[[振]][[動]]> - Vibration |
| − | * 감동 < | + | * 감동 <[[感]][[動]]> - Strong impression |
| − | * 변동 < | + | * 변동 <[[變]][[動]]> - Change |
}} | }} | ||
| − | + | ||
{{Hanjabox | {{Hanjabox | ||
|kor = 동 | |kor = 동 | ||
|char = 洞 | |char = 洞 | ||
| − | |def = Village, division of a 區, cave | + | |def = Village, division of a 구([[區]]), cave |
| − | |examples=*동사무소 < | + | |examples=*동사무소 <[[洞]][[事]][[務]][[所]]> - The office of a dong, village office |
| − | *동장 < | + | *동장 <[[洞]][[長]]> - The chief of a dong office |
| − | *동네 < | + | *동네 <[[洞]]-> - One's neighborhood, a village |
| − | *명동 < | + | *명동 <[[明]][[洞]]> - Myeongdong (famous area in Seoul) |
| − | *압구정동 < | + | *압구정동 <[[狎]][[鷗]][[亭]][[洞]]> - Apgujeong-dong (famous area in Seoul) |
* | * | ||
* | * | ||
| Line 354: | Line 356: | ||
|char = 東 | |char = 東 | ||
|def = East | |def = East | ||
| − | |examples=*동쪽 < | + | |examples=*동쪽 <[[東]][[쪽]]> - The east |
| − | *동해 < | + | *동해 <[[東]][[海]]> - The East Sea |
| − | *동남아시아 < | + | *동남아시아 <[[東]][[南-]]> - Southeast Asia |
| − | *중동 < | + | *중동 <[[中]][[東]]> - The Middle East |
| − | *동양 < | + | *동양 <[[東]][[洋]]> - The Orient, The east |
| − | * 동양인 < | + | *동양인 <[[東]][[洋]][[人]]> - The Oriental people |
| − | * 동양화 < | + | *동양화 <[[東]][[洋]][[畵]]> - An Oriental painting |
| − | * 동방예의지국 < | + | *동방예의지국 <[[東]][[方]][[禮]][[儀]][[之]][[國]]> - The country of courteous people in the East;Korea |
| − | * 동문서답 < | + | *동문서답 <[[東]][[問]][[西]][[答]]> - An irrelevant answer, An incoherent reply |
| − | * 동대문 < | + | *동대문 <[[東]][[大]][[門]]> - The East Gate of Seoul (Dongdaemoon) |
}} | }} | ||
| Line 371: | Line 373: | ||
|char = 力 | |char = 力 | ||
|def = Power, strength, ability (also [[역]]) | |def = Power, strength, ability (also [[역]]) | ||
| − | |examples=*노력 < 努力 > - | + | |examples=*노력 <[[努力]]> - effort, hard work |
| − | *능력 < | + | *능력 <[[能]][[力]]> - ability |
| − | *압력 < | + | *압력 <[[壓]][[力]]> - pressure |
| − | *폭력 < | + | *폭력 <[[暴]][[力]]> - violence |
| − | *활력 < | + | *활력 <[[活]][[力]]> - vitality |
| − | * 사고력 < | + | *체력 <[[體]][[力]]> - physical strength, stamina |
| − | * 잠재력 < | + | *사고력 <[[思]][[考]][[力]]> - thinking power |
| − | * 경제력 < | + | *잠재력 <[[潛]][[在]][[力]]> - potential energy |
| − | * 동력 < | + | *경제력 <[[經]][[濟]][[力]]> - economic power |
| − | * 마력 < | + | *동력 <[[動]][[力]]> - motive power, Dynamic force |
| + | *마력 <[[馬]][[力]]> - horsepower | ||
}} | }} | ||
| Line 387: | Line 390: | ||
|char = 母 | |char = 母 | ||
|def = Mother | |def = Mother | ||
| − | |examples=*부모 < | + | |examples=*부모 <[[父]][[母]]> - Parents |
| − | *모국 < | + | *모국 <[[母]][[國]]> - One's native country |
| − | *모국어 < | + | *모국어 <[[母]][[國]][[語]]> - One's native language |
| − | *모자 < | + | *모자 <[[母]][[子]]> - Mother and Son |
| − | *모녀 < | + | *모녀 <[[母]][[女]]> - Mother and Daughter |
| − | * 산모 < | + | * 산모 <[[産]][[母]]> - A woman delivered of a child |
| − | * 미혼모 < | + | * 미혼모 <[[未]][[婚]][[母]]> - An unmarried mother |
| − | * 모음 < | + | * 모음 <[[母]][[音]]> - A vowel |
| − | * 모유 < | + | * 모유 <[[母]][[乳]]> - Mother´s milk, Breast milk |
| − | * 계모 < | + | * 계모 <[[繼]][[母]]> - A stepmother |
}} | }} | ||
| Line 404: | Line 407: | ||
|char = 毛 | |char = 毛 | ||
|def = Hair, fur, wool | |def = Hair, fur, wool | ||
| − | |examples=*모발 < | + | |examples=*모발 <[[毛]][[髮]]> - Hair |
| − | *모공 < | + | *모공 <[[毛]][[孔]]> - The skin pores |
| − | *체모 < | + | *체모 <[[體]][[毛]]> - Body hair |
| − | *모근 < | + | *모근 <[[毛]][[根]]> - The root of hair |
| − | *탈모 < | + | *탈모 <[[脫]][[毛]]> - Falling out of hair |
| − | * 모피 < | + | * 모피 <[[毛]][[皮]]> - Fur |
| − | * 장모종 < | + | * 장모종 <[[長]][[毛]][[種]]> - A dog or cat which has a long hair ( terrier, golden retriever ... ) |
| − | * 단모종 < | + | * 단모종 <[[短]][[毛]][[種]]> - A dog or cat which has a short hair ( chihuahua, beagle, pug ...) |
| − | * 양모 < | + | * 양모 <[[羊]][[毛]]> - Wool |
| − | * 모직 < | + | * 모직 <[[毛]][[織]]> - Woolen fabric |
}} | }} | ||
| Line 421: | Line 424: | ||
|char = 文 | |char = 文 | ||
|def = Writings, sentence, literature | |def = Writings, sentence, literature | ||
| − | |examples=*문장 < | + | |examples=*문장 <[[文]][[章]]> - Sentence |
| − | *문법 < | + | *문법 <[[文]][[法]]> - Grammar |
| − | *작문 < | + | *작문 <[[作]][[文]]> - Composition |
| − | *문화 < | + | *문화 <[[文]][[化]]> - Culture |
| − | *논문 < | + | *논문 <[[論]][[文]]> - Thesis, Paper |
| − | * 한문 < | + | * 한문 <[[漢]][[文]]> - Chinese writing |
| − | * 문맹 < | + | * 문맹 <[[文]][[盲]]> - An illiterate person |
| − | * 문서 < | + | * 문서 <[[文]][[書]]> - A document |
| − | * 문자 < | + | * 문자 <[[文]][[字]]> - Letters |
| − | * 문학 < | + | * 문학 <[[文]][[學]]> - Literature |
}} | }} | ||
| Line 437: | Line 440: | ||
|char = 門 | |char = 門 | ||
|def = Door, Family, Specialty | |def = Door, Family, Specialty | ||
| − | |examples=*창문 < | + | |examples=*창문 <[[窓]][[門]]> - Window |
| − | *정문 < | + | *정문 <[[正]][[門]]> - Front gate |
| − | *남대문 < | + | *남대문 <[[南]][[大]][[門]]> - The South Gate of Seoul |
| − | *문단속 < | + | *문단속 <[[門]][[團]][[束]]> - Locking a door |
| − | *교문 < | + | *교문 <[[校]][[門]]> - A school gate |
| − | * 출입문 < | + | * 출입문 <[[出]][[入]][[門]]> - Entrance, Exit |
| − | * 철문 < | + | * 철문 <[[鐵]][[門]]> - An iron door |
| − | * 입문 < | + | * 입문 <[[入]][[門]]> - An introduction |
| − | * 명문 < | + | * 명문 <[[名]][[門]]> - A distinguished family (명문대학교: A university of high reputation) |
| − | * 전문 < | + | * 전문 <[[專]][[門]]> - A specialty |
}} | }} | ||
| Line 453: | Line 456: | ||
|char = 問 | |char = 問 | ||
|def = To ask | |def = To ask | ||
| − | |examples=*질문 < | + | |examples=*질문 <[[質]][[問]]> - A question |
| − | *문제 < | + | *문제 <[[問]][[題]]> - A question, A problem, Trouble |
| − | *문답 < | + | *문답 <[[問]][[答]]> - Questions and Answers |
| − | *설문지 < | + | *설문지 <[[設]][[問]][[紙]]> - Questionnaire |
| − | *의문 < | + | *의문 <[[疑]][[問]]> - A doubt, A question |
| − | * 의문사 < | + | * 의문사 <[[疑]][[問]][[死]]> - A mysterious death |
| − | * 의문사 < | + | * 의문사 <[[疑]][[問]][[詞]]> - An interrogative |
| − | * 고문 < | + | * 고문 <[[拷]][[問]]> - Torture |
| − | * 반문(하다) < | + | * 반문(하다) <[[反]][[問]]> - To ask in return |
| − | * 문병 < | + | * 문병 <[[問]][[病]]> - A visit to a sick person |
}} | }} | ||
| Line 469: | Line 472: | ||
|char = 美 | |char = 美 | ||
|def = Beauty, America | |def = Beauty, America | ||
| − | |examples=*미술 < | + | |examples=*미술 <[[美]][[術]]> - Art |
| − | *미인 < | + | *미인 <[[美]][[人]]> - A beautiful woman |
| − | *미남 < | + | *미남 <[[美]][[男]]> - A hansome man |
| − | *각선미 < | + | *각선미 <[[脚]][[線]][[美]]> - The beauty of leg lines |
| − | *미용실 < | + | *미용실 <[[美]][[容]][[室]]> - A beauty salon |
| − | * 미적감각 < | + | * 미적감각 <[[美]][[的]][[感]][[覺]]> - A sense of beauty |
| − | * 미국 < | + | * 미국 <[[美]][[國]]> - America |
| − | * 미군 < | + | * 미군 <[[美]][[軍]]> - The U.S. Armed Forces |
| − | * 재미교포 < | + | * 재미교포 <[[在]][[美]][[僑]][[胞]]> - Korean residents in America |
| − | * 한미 < | + | * 한미 <[[韓]][[美]]> - Korea and America |
}} | }} | ||
Latest revision as of 09:04, 26 August 2014
Introduction
Hanja is the Korean name for Chinese characters. More specifically, it refers to those Chinese characters borrowed from Chinese and incorporated into the Korean language with Korean pronunciation. Since a lot of Korean words are derived from Chinese, learning 한자 can be like learning prefixes, suffixes and root words. This section will introduce to you important 한자 characters, some of them which are not beginner level characters.
Please note: - means there is no Hanja character for it, i.e. 동네 <洞->. There is no Hanja character for 네, - is not to be confused for 일 (一).
Also note that some chinese characters have two ways to pronounce it. For example, '女', whch means 'female' can be pronounced as both '여' and '녀' in Korean. But as you can see from the examples, 여 is only used when it comes as the first syllable of a word, while 녀 is only used in the middle of a word or at the end. This is a special grammatical rule called '두음법칙' or '머리소리 법칙' and North Korea doesn't follow this rule (nor do they use 한자 anymore).
Days of the week
Let's start with the days of the week, since it's basic. Just focus on the characters 日, 月, 火, 水, 木, 金, and 土.
Sunday 일요일 Sun day 日 (일) - the sun |
Monday  월요일 Moon day 月 (월) - the moon |
Tuesday  화요일 Fire day 火 (화) - fire |
Wednesday  수요일 Water day 水 (수) - water |
Thursday  목요일 Tree day 木 (목) - tree |
Friday  금요일 Metal/gold day 金 (금) - gold, metal |
Saturday  토요일 Earth day 土 (토) - soil, earth |
Important 한자 1
Part 1 contains 한자 characters from ㄱ to ㅁ.
Contents
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Days of the week
- 3 Important 한자 1
- 4 강 <江> - River
- 5 고 <高> - High, Tall
- 6 과 <科> - Section, Department, Science
- 7 교 <敎> - Teach, faith, religion
- 8 교 <校> - School
- 9 구 <區> - District, ward , area
- 10 구 <口> - Entrance, gate, mouth, open end
- 11 국 <國> - Nation, country
- 12 남 <南> - South
- 13 남 <男> - Male
- 14 녀 <女> - Female (also 여)
- 15 년 <年> - Year (also 연)
- 16 대 <大> - Big, large
- 17 도 <道> - Road, Morality
- 18 동 <同> - The same
- 19 동 <動> - Be moving, be in motion
- 20 동 <洞> - Village, division of a 구(區), cave
- 21 동 <東> - East
- 22 력 <力> - Power, strength, ability (also 역)
- 23 모 <母> - Mother
- 24 모 <毛> - Hair, fur, wool
- 25 문 <文> - Writings, sentence, literature
- 26 문 <門> - Door, Family, Specialty
- 27 문 <問> - To ask
- 28 미 <美> - Beauty, America
강 <江> - River | |
| |
고 <高> - High, Tall | |
| |
과 <科> - Section, Department, Science | |
| |
교 <敎> - Teach, faith, religion | |
| |
교 <校> - School | |
| |
구 <區> - District, ward , area | |
| |
구 <口> - Entrance, gate, mouth, open end | |
| |
국 <國> - Nation, country | |
| |
남 <南> - South | |
| |
남 <男> - Male | |
| |
녀 <女> - Female (also 여) | |
| |
년 <年> - Year (also 연) | |
| |
대 <大> - Big, large | |
| |
도 <道> - Road, Morality | |
| |
동 <同> - The same | |
| |
동 <動> - Be moving, be in motion | |
| |
동 <洞> - Village, division of a 구(區), cave | |
| |
동 <東> - East | |
| |
력 <力> - Power, strength, ability (also 역) | |
| |
모 <母> - Mother | |
| |
모 <毛> - Hair, fur, wool | |
| |
문 <文> - Writings, sentence, literature | |
| |
문 <門> - Door, Family, Specialty | |
| |
문 <問> - To ask | |
| |
미 <美> - Beauty, America | |
| |
|
