Difference between revisions of "Nasalization"

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==Description==
 
==Description==
 
When a ㄴ, ㄹ, or ㅁ interacts with other consonants, sometimes it undergoes "nasalization."  Nasalization basically means it forces another consonant (and/or itself in the case of the ㄹ) to become a nasal sound (ㄴ, ㅇ, or ㅁ).
 
When a ㄴ, ㄹ, or ㅁ interacts with other consonants, sometimes it undergoes "nasalization."  Nasalization basically means it forces another consonant (and/or itself in the case of the ㄹ) to become a nasal sound (ㄴ, ㅇ, or ㅁ).
 +
 +
This rule is called 비음화 in Korean.
  
 
==Cases==
 
==Cases==
−
*ㄱ/ㄲ/ㅋ + ㄴ/ㄹ → ㅇ + ㄴ
 
−
*ㄱ/ㄲ/ㅋ + ㅁ → ㅇ + ㅁ
 
−
*ㅇ + ㄹ → ㅇ + ㄴ
 
−
*ㅎ + ㄴ → ㄴ + ㄴ
 
−
*ᆮ/ᇀ/ᆺ/ᆻ/ᆽ/ᆾ + ㄴ/ㄹ → ㄴ + ㄴ
 
−
*ᆮ/ᇀ/ᆺ/ᆻ/ᆽ/ᆾ + ㅁ → ㄴ + ㅁ
 
−
*ᆸ/ᇁ + ㄴ/ㄹ → ㅁ + ㄴ
 
−
*ㅁ + ㄹ → ㅁ + ㄴ
 
−
*ᆸ/ᇁ + ㄴ/ㄹ → ㅁ + ㅁ
 
−
 
−
==Examples==
 
−
*각막 → "강막"
 
−
*곡물 → "공물"
 
−
*국내 → "궁내"
 
−
*국물 → "궁물"
 
−
*국민 → "궁민"
 
−
*국민 → "궁민"
 
−
*꼬락내 (feet smell) → "꼬랑내"
 
−
*득남 → "등남"
 
−
*득녀 → "등녀"
 
−
*막내 → "망내"
 
−
*목마르다 → "몽마르다"
 
−
*박물관 → "방물관"
 
−
*북미 → "붕미"
 
−
*색맹 → "생맹"
 
−
*속눈썹 → "송눈썹"
 
−
*식물 → "싱물"
 
−
*악마 → "앙마"
 
−
*악몽 (nightmare) → "앙몽"
 
−
*악몽 → "앙몽"
 
−
*욕망 → "용망"
 
−
*작년 (last year)→ "장년"
 
−
*작년 → "장년"
 
−
*저녁노을 → "저녕노을"
 
−
*학년 → "항년"
 
−
*학년 → "항년"
 
−
*한국말 (Korean language) → "한궁말"
 
  
 +
{| class="wikitable" border="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"
 +
|-
 +
! First syllable Consonant
 +
! Second syllable Consonant
 +
! Becomes
 +
! Examples
 +
|-
 +
| ㄱ/ㄲ/ㅋ
 +
| ㄴ/ㄹ
 +
|
 +
*ㄱ/ㄲ/ㅋ → ㅇ
 +
*ㄴ/ㄹ→ ㄴ
 +
|
 +
*학년 → [항년]
 +
*국내 → [궁내]
 +
*꼬락내 (feet smell) → [꼬랑내]
 +
*득남 → [등남]
 +
*득녀 → [등녀]
 +
*막내 → [망내]
 +
*속눈썹 → [송눈썹]
 +
*욕망 → [용망]
 +
*작년 (last year)→ [장년]
 +
*저녁노을 → [저녕노을]
 +
*폭력 → [퐁녁]
 +
*독립 → [동닙]
 +
|-
 +
| ㄱ/ㄲ/ㅋ
 +
| ㅁ
 +
|
 +
* ㄱ/ㄲ/ㅋ → ㅇ
 +
|
 +
*각막 → [강막]
 +
*곡물 → [공물]
 +
*국물 → [궁물]
 +
*국민 → [궁민]
 +
*국민 → [궁민]
 +
*박물관 → [방물관]
 +
*북미 → [붕미]
 +
*색맹 → [생맹]
 +
*식물 → [싱물]
 +
*악마 → [앙마]
 +
*악몽 (nightmare) → [앙몽]
 +
*한국말 (Korean language) → [한궁말]
 +
*목마르다 → [몽마르다]
 +
*부엌 문 → [부엉 문]
 +
|-
 +
| ㅇ
 +
| ㄹ
 +
|
 +
* ㄹ → ㄴ
 +
|
 
*종로 → [종노]
 
*종로 → [종노]
 
*종료 → [종뇨]
 
*종료 → [종뇨]
 +
*청량리 → [청냥니]
 +
*정리 → [정니]
 +
*승리 → [승니]
 +
 +
|-
 +
| ㅎ
 +
| ㄴ
 +
|
 +
* ㅎ → ㄴ
 +
|
 +
*논현 → [논년]
 +
|-
 +
| ㄴ
 +
| ㅎ
 +
|
 +
* ㅎ → ㄴ
 +
|
 +
*반하다 → [반하다/반나다]
 +
|-
 +
|-
 +
| ᆮ/ᇀ/ᆺ/ᆻ/ᆽ/ᆾ
 +
| ㄴ/ㄹ
 +
|
 +
* ᆮ/ᇀ/ᆺ/ᆻ/ᆽ/ᆾ → ㄴ
 +
* ㄴ/ㄹ → ㄴ
 +
|
 +
*덧니 → [던니]
 +
*있는 → [인는]
 +
*송곳니 → [송곤니]
 +
*받는 → [반는]
 +
*존댓말 → [존댄말]
 +
*했나 → [핸나]
 +
|-
 +
| ᆮ/ᇀ/ᆺ/ᆻ/ᆽ/ᆾ
 +
| ㅁ
 +
|
 +
* ᆮ/ᇀ/ᆺ/ᆻ/ᆽ/ᆾ → ㄴ
 +
|
 +
*거짓말 → [거진말]
 +
|-
 +
| ᆸ/ᇁ
 +
| ㄴ/ㄹ
 +
|
 +
*ㅂ/ㅍ → ㅁ
 +
*ㄴ/ㄹ → ㄴ
 +
|
 +
*십륙 → [심뉵]
 +
*왕십리 → [왕심니]
 +
|-
 +
| ㅁ
 +
| ㄹ
 +
|
 +
* ㄹ → ㄴ
 +
|
 +
* 심리 → [심니]
 +
|-
 +
| ㄴ
 +
| ㄹ (in a compound noun)
 +
|
 +
* ㄹ → ㄴ
 +
|
 +
* 테헤란로 → [테헤란노]
 +
|}
 +
 +
==Advanced Note==
 +
* A note for intermediate learners: You should also remember that when the second half of a compound noun begins with ㄹ as in ~로 (road) or ~리 (vilage), you must treat it as a ㄴ, even after another ㄴ. So while 신라 → [실라] is the norm, a street in Seoul called 테헤란로 becomes [테헤란노]. Another related phenomenon is when a compound noun's second half begins with 이 or a yod (야,얘,여,예,요,유). You insert a ㄴ and thus, 색_연필 becomes 생년필.
 +
 +
==Examples==
 +
 +
 +
 +
 +
 +
 +
 +
 +
  
−
*부엌 문 → [부엉 문]
 
  
 
==See also==
 
==See also==

Latest revision as of 13:40, 4 October 2014

Description

When a ㄴ, ㄹ, or ㅁ interacts with other consonants, sometimes it undergoes "nasalization." Nasalization basically means it forces another consonant (and/or itself in the case of the ㄹ) to become a nasal sound (ㄴ, ㅇ, or ㅁ).

This rule is called 비음화 in Korean.

Cases

First syllable Consonant Second syllable Consonant Becomes Examples
ㄱ/ㄲ/ㅋ ㄴ/ㄹ
  • ㄱ/ㄲ/ㅋ → ㅇ
  • ㄴ/ㄹ→ ㄴ
  • 학년 → [항년]
  • 국내 → [궁내]
  • 꼬락내 (feet smell) → [꼬랑내]
  • 득남 → [등남]
  • 득녀 → [등녀]
  • 막내 → [망내]
  • 속눈썹 → [송눈썹]
  • 욕망 → [용망]
  • 작년 (last year)→ [장년]
  • 저녁노을 → [저녕노을]
  • 폭력 → [퐁녁]
  • 독립 → [동닙]
ㄱ/ㄲ/ㅋ ㅁ
  • ㄱ/ㄲ/ㅋ → ㅇ
  • 각막 → [강막]
  • 곡물 → [공물]
  • 국물 → [궁물]
  • 국민 → [궁민]
  • 국민 → [궁민]
  • 박물관 → [방물관]
  • 북미 → [붕미]
  • 색맹 → [생맹]
  • 식물 → [싱물]
  • 악마 → [앙마]
  • 악몽 (nightmare) → [앙몽]
  • 한국말 (Korean language) → [한궁말]
  • 목마르다 → [몽마르다]
  • 부엌 문 → [부엉 문]
ㅇ ㄹ
  • ㄹ → ㄴ
  • 종로 → [종노]
  • 종료 → [종뇨]
  • 청량리 → [청냥니]
  • 정리 → [정니]
  • 승리 → [승니]
ㅎ ㄴ
  • ㅎ → ㄴ
  • 논현 → [논년]
ㄴ ㅎ
  • ㅎ → ㄴ
  • 반하다 → [반하다/반나다]
ᆮ/ᇀ/ᆺ/ᆻ/ᆽ/ᆾ ㄴ/ㄹ
  • ᆮ/ᇀ/ᆺ/ᆻ/ᆽ/ᆾ → ㄴ
  • ㄴ/ㄹ → ㄴ
  • 덧니 → [던니]
  • 있는 → [인는]
  • 송곳니 → [송곤니]
  • 받는 → [반는]
  • 존댓말 → [존댄말]
  • 했나 → [핸나]
ᆮ/ᇀ/ᆺ/ᆻ/ᆽ/ᆾ ㅁ
  • ᆮ/ᇀ/ᆺ/ᆻ/ᆽ/ᆾ → ㄴ
  • 거짓말 → [거진말]
ᆸ/ᇁ ㄴ/ㄹ
  • ㅂ/ㅍ → ㅁ
  • ㄴ/ㄹ → ㄴ
  • 십륙 → [심뉵]
  • 왕십리 → [왕심니]
ㅁ ㄹ
  • ㄹ → ㄴ
  • 심리 → [심니]
ㄴ ㄹ (in a compound noun)
  • ㄹ → ㄴ
  • 테헤란로 → [테헤란노]

Advanced Note

  • A note for intermediate learners: You should also remember that when the second half of a compound noun begins with ㄹ as in ~로 (road) or ~리 (vilage), you must treat it as a ㄴ, even after another ㄴ. So while 신라 → [실라] is the norm, a street in Seoul called 테헤란로 becomes [테헤란노]. Another related phenomenon is when a compound noun's second half begins with 이 or a yod (야,얘,여,예,요,유). You insert a ㄴ and thus, 색_연필 becomes 생년필.

Examples

See also

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