Difference between revisions of "Hangeul step 5"

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{| border=0 style="text-align:center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"
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| [[File:Back.png|link=Hangeul step 4|150px]]
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| [[File:Back.png|link=Hangeul step 4b|150px]]
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| [[File:Next.png|link=Hangeul step 6|150px]]
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| [[File:Next.png|link=Hangeul step 5b|150px]]
 
|}
 
|}
  
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<!--  IMPORTANT:    Keep the examples simple in this article!        -->
 
 
==Introduction==
 
==Introduction==
−
Up until now to keep it simple, we've only learned about syllables that ended with a vowel, basically two letters put together to make a sound. Now we'll be learning about the final consonant that goes at the bottom of the syllables block, this final position is called a badchim.  The badchim is written in the bottom/final position.A sentence example where the 받침 is in red below:
+
[[File:Syllable blocks2.png|right|thumb|250px|Consonant + horizontal vowel + consonant<br>Consonant + vertical vowel + consonant]]
 +
Up until now to keep it simple, we've only learned about syllables that only ended with a vowel, basically two letters put together to make a sound. Now we'll be learning about the final consonant that goes at the bottom of the syllables block, this final position is called a batchim.  The sentence example below shows the characters in the final position (batchim) in blue:
  
−
[[Image:Badchim_sentence.jpg|center|700px|]]
+
[[Image:Badchim sentence.png|center]]
  
−
This step will introduce you to the sounds in the final syllable position, some which are very different from their normal sounds.
+
This step will introduce you to the sounds in the final syllable position, some which are very different from their normal sounds. For now we are only going to include the characters ㄴ and ㅁ in the final position (batchim) since ㄴ and ㅁ do not change sounds in this position. Just remember each block of letters is pronounced as a syllable. Let's try some simple examples to help you understand.
  
−
==Sound shifts syllables==
+
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;font-size:150%;"
−
If a consonant in the final position followed by a vowel, the sound shifts over. The only sounds that don't shift over to the next syllable are ㅇ since it is weird to begin a weird with a "ng" sound and ㅎ becomes silent when followed by a vowel.
+
|-style="font-size:70%"
 +
!colspan="2"|Practice
 +
|-
 +
| 사람 (person)
 +
| <flashmp3>saram j.mp3, saram c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 라면 (ramen)
 +
| <flashmp3>ramen j.mp3, ramen c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 몸매 (shape, figure)
 +
| <flashmp3>mommae j.mp3, mommae c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 금지 (prohibition)
 +
| <flashmp3>geumji j.mp3, geumji c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 안주 (side-dish for alcohol)
 +
| <flashmp3>anju j.mp3, anju c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 신문 (newspaper)
 +
| <flashmp3>sinmun j.mp3, sinmun c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
{{-}}
 +
 
 +
==Sound shifts==
 +
If a consonant in the final position is followed by a '''vowel''', the sound shifts over to the next syllable. The only sounds that don't shift over to the next syllable are ㅇ since it is weird to begin a word with a "ng" sound and ㅎ becomes silent when followed by a '''vowel'''.
  
 
<!--TODO: Insert a picture of a syllable shift-->
 
<!--TODO: Insert a picture of a syllable shift-->
  
−
{| class="wikitable"
+
{| class="wikitable" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; font-size:150%;"
 
|+Pronunciation When Followed By a Vowel
 
|+Pronunciation When Followed By a Vowel
 +
|-style="font-size:70%"
 +
! Original !! Actual Pronunciation !! Audio
 
|-
 
|-
−
! Original !! Actual Pronunciation
+
| 맞아 || 마자 || <flashmp3>maja j.mp3, maja c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 맞아 || 마자
+
| 먹어 || 머거 || <flashmp3>meogeo j.mp3, meogeo c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 먹어 || 머거
+
| 집에 || 지베 || <flashmp3>jibe j.mp3, jibe c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 집에 || 지베
+
| 좋아 || 조아 || <flashmp3>joa j.mp3, joa c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 좋아 || 조아
+
| 놀아 || 노라 || <flashmp3>nora j.mp3, nora c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 놀아 || 노라
+
| 필요하다 || 피료하다 || <flashmp3>piryohada j.mp3, piryohada c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 필요하다 || 피료하다
+
| 한국어 || 한구거 || <flashmp3>hangugeo j.mp3, hangugeo c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 한국어 || 한구거
+
| 졸업 || 조럽 || <flashmp3>joreop j.mp3, joreop c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 굳이 || 구지
+
| 십일 || 시빌 || <flashmp3>sibil j.mp3, sibil c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 같이 || 가치
+
| 콩이<sup>1</sup> || 콩이 ||<flashmp3>kongi j.mp3, kongi c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
−
|-
+
−
| 졸업 || 조럽
+
−
|-
+
−
| 십일 || 시빌
+
 
|}
 
|}
 +
#If the final position has ㅇ, there is no syllable shift.
  
 
==Different sounds==
 
==Different sounds==
−
If a consonant in the final position and it is not followed by a vowel (meaning it is the last syllable of the word or followed by another consonant), then it may have a different pronunciation. Notice from the table below that many characters share the same sound when in the final position.
+
If a consonant is in the final position and it is '''not followed by a vowel''' (meaning it is the last syllable of the word or followed by another consonant), then it may have a different pronunciation. You will notice from the tables below that many characters share the same sound when in the final position.
  
 +
Also as you will notice, there are also the letters ㄲ and ㅆ below which we haven't learned yet. Don't worry as they are pronounced like some of the letters you have already learned when in the final position, so for now don't worry those letters until the next section.
 +
 +
Below you will see the name's of the consonants letters in Korean. As you can see they begin and end with the same letter, however you may notice most of the sounds at the beginning and end are different. You will also notice that even though some of the last syllables end in a different letter, they make the same sound as other letters. See the examples below, then go in detail about the difference in sounds.
 +
 +
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;font-size:150%;"
 +
|-style="font-size:70%"
 +
! Letter !! Name of letter !! Audio
 +
|-
 +
| ㄱ
 +
| 기역
 +
| <flashmp3>Giyeok j.mp3, Giyeok c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| ㄴ
 +
| 니은
 +
| <flashmp3>nieun j.mp3, nieun c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| ㄷ
 +
| 디귿
 +
| <flashmp3>digeut j.mp3, digeut c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| ㄹ
 +
| 리을
 +
| <flashmp3>rieul j.mp3, rieul c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| ㅁ
 +
| 미음
 +
| <flashmp3>mieum j.mp3, mieum c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| ㅂ
 +
| 비읍
 +
| <flashmp3>bieup j.mp3, bieup c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| ㅅ
 +
| 시옷
 +
| <flashmp3>Siot j.mp3, Siot c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| ㅇ
 +
| 이응
 +
| <flashmp3>ieung j.mp3, ieung c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| ㅈ
 +
| 지읒
 +
| <flashmp3>jieut j.mp3, jieut c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| ㅊ
 +
| 치읓
 +
| <flashmp3>chieut j.mp3, chieut c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| ㅋ
 +
|키읔
 +
| <flashmp3>Kieuk j.mp3, Kieuk c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| ㅌ
 +
|티읕
 +
| <flashmp3>tieut j.mp3, tieut c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| ㅍ
 +
|피읖
 +
| <flashmp3>pieup j.mp3, pieup c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| ㅎ
 +
|히읗
 +
|<flashmp3>hieut j.mp3, hieut c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|}
 +
 +
*'''Note:''' ㅃ, ㄸ and ㅉ can't appear in the final position.
 
<!--Audio files must be recorded by native speakers and then the proper url must be inserted-->
 
<!--Audio files must be recorded by native speakers and then the proper url must be inserted-->
  
−
{| class="wikitable"
+
{| class="wikitable" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 50%;"
−
|+Pronunciation for Consonants in 받침 Position When Not Followed By a Vowel
+
 
|-
 
|-
−
! Letter(s) !! Pronunciation !! Comment !! Examples !! Audio
+
! Letter(s) !! Pronunciation !! Comment
 
|-
 
|-
−
|ㄱ,ㄲ,ㅋ || /k/ || The /k/ sound is cut short. ||먹다<br>부엌<br>깎다<br>
+
|ㄱ,ㄲ,ㅋ || /k/ ||
−
| <flashmp3>meokda J.mp3, meokda C.mp3, bueok J.mp3, bueok C.mp3, kkakda J.mp3, kkakda C.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff</flashmp3>
+
*The /k/ sound is cut short.
 +
*ㅋ and ㄲ do not commonly appear in the final position. In fact only a handful of words even have ㅋ in the final position.
 
|-
 
|-
−
| ㅂ,ㅍ || /p/ || The /p/ sound is cut short. ||밥<br>수업<br>춥다<br>높다<br>
+
|colspan="2"|악, 앜, 앆 all pronounced the same || (audio)
−
| <flashmp3>bab J.mp3, bab C.mp3, sueop J.mp3, sueop C.mp3, chupda J.mp3, chupda C.mp3, nopda J.mp3, nopda C.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff</flashmp3>
+
 
|-
 
|-
−
| ㄹ || /l/ sound || If ㄹ is followed by a vowel it is a /ɾ/ sound  ||말 <br>살<br> 칼<br> 잘<br> 팔다<br>멀다<br>알다
+
|colspan="2"|억, 엌, 얶 || (audio)
−
|<flashmp3>mal J.mp3, mal C.mp3, sal J.mp3, sal C.mp3, kal J.mp3, kal C.mp3, jal J.mp3, jal C.mp3, palda J.mp3, palda C.mp3, meolda J.mp3, meolda C.mp3, alda J.mp3, alda C.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff</flashmp3>
+
 
|-
 
|-
−
| ㅇ || /ŋ/ sound || Normally ㅇ acts as a placeholder for a consonant and makes no sound, only in the final position does it make a sound.
+
|colspan="2"|옥, 옼, 옦 || (audio)
−
|강<br>성<br>왕<br>콩<br>선생
+
−
|<flashmp3>gang J.mp3, gang C.mp3, seong J.mp3, seong C.mp3, wang J.mp3, wang C.mp3, kong J.mp3, kong C.mp3, seonsaeng J.mp3, seonsaeng C.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff</flashmp3>
+
 
|-
 
|-
−
| ㄷ, ㅎ,ㅈ,ㅅ,ㅆ,ㅌ,ㅊ|| /t/ sound ||The /t/ sound is cut short. ||옷<br> 곧<br>찾다<br>있다<br>같다<br>꽃
+
|colspan="2"|욱, 웈, 욲 || (audio)
−
|<flashmp3>ot J.mp3, ot C.mp3, got J.mp3, got C.mp3, chatda J.mp3, chatda C.mp3, itda J.mp3, itda C.mp3, gatda J.mp3, gatda C.mp3, kkot J.mp3, kkot C.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff</flashmp3>
+
|-
 +
|colspan="2"|익, 잌, 읶 || (audio)
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
Note: ㅃ, ㄸ and ㅉ can't appear in the final position.
+
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;font-size:150%;"
 +
|-style="font-size:70%"
 +
!colspan="2"|Practice
 +
|-
 +
| 고객 (customer)
 +
| <flashmp3>gogaek j.mp3, gogaek c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 낙지 (Octopus)
 +
| <flashmp3>Nakji j.mp3, Nakji c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 낚시 (fishing)
 +
| <flashmp3>naksi j.mp3, naksi c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 맥주 (beer)
 +
| <flashmp3>maekju j.mp3, maekju c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 묶다 (to tie)
 +
| <flashmp3>mukda j.mp3, mukda c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 부엌 (kitchen)
 +
| <flashmp3>bueok J.mp3, bueok C.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 식사 (meal)
 +
| <flashmp3>siksa j.mp3, siksa c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|}
  
−
<!--Add many examples, and the best ones will be picked later-->
 
  
 +
{| class="wikitable" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;width: 50%; "
 +
|-
 +
! Letter(s) !! Pronunciation !! Comment
 +
|-
 +
|ㅂ,ㅍ || /p/ ||
 +
*The /p/ sound is cut short.
 +
*ㅂ appears in the final position more often than ㅍ.
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"|압, 앞 || <flashmp3>ap j.mp3, ap c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"|업, 엎 || <flashmp3>eop j.mp3, eop c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"|옵, 옾 || <flashmp3>op j.mp3, op c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"|웁,웊 || <flashmp3>up j.mp3, up c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"|입, 잎 || <flashmp3>ip j.mp3, ip c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|}
  
−
==Double Consonant Cluster==
+
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;font-size:150%;"
−
tba
+
|-style="font-size:70%"
 +
!colspan="2"|Practice
 +
|-
 +
| 높다 (to be high)
 +
| <flashmp3>nopda J.mp3, nopda C.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 덥다 (to be hot) / 덮다 (to cover something)
 +
| <flashmp3>deopda j.mp3, deopda c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 맙소사 (Oh no! Oh my god)
 +
| <flashmp3>mapsosa j.mp3, mapsosa c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 십 (ten)
 +
| <flashmp3>sip j.mp3, sip c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 접시 (dish, plate)
 +
| <flashmp3>jeopsi j.mp3, jeopsi c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 춥다 (to be cold)
 +
| <flashmp3>chupda J.mp3, chupda C.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|}
  
−
==More Examples==
+
 
−
Must decide on examples
+
{| class="wikitable" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;width: 50%;"
−
*ㅇ makes an ng sound as 받침:
+
|-
−
**강, 정, 방, 중, 응,
+
! Letter(s) !! Pronunciation !! Comment
−
**강낭콩, 강아지, 경마, 공, 농구공, 고양이, 조깅, 당구, 당구공, 당나귀, 사랑, 호랑이, 프랑스, 망고, 희망, 멍, 구멍, 몽유병, 방, 방송, 생방송, 가방, 벙어리, 붕어, 지붕, 빙하, 다이빙, 더빙, 상어, 성경, 송아지, 싱숭생숭하다, 생수, 승리, 승마, 양, 양파, 태양, 영어, 영화, 수영, 영웅, 용서, 용기, 잉크, 장마, 장미, 수영장, 화장, 정장, 종, 종이, 중고, 증거, 창고, 청바지, 총, 콩, 사탕, 휴지통, 두통, 태풍, 소풍, 어항, 향기, 향수, 고향, 홍콩, 홍당무   
+
|-
−
*ㄴ,ㅁ remain the same sound as a 받침.
+
|ㄹ || /l/ sound ||
−
**다음, 감자, 엄마, 김,
+
*In the final position ㄹ sounds like an /l/ sound instead of an /ɾ/ as we previously learned.
−
**이번, 만나다, 반, 일본, 돈, 문, 신, 원, 년
+
*However if ㄹ is followed by a vowel it is a /ɾ/ sound.
−
**
+
*Also if there are two consecutive ㄹ together, the second ㄹ also takes an /l/ sound.
−
*ㄹ is a /l/ sound as 받침
+
|-
−
**말, 멀다, 물, 밀다, 제일, 경찰, 갈비,
+
|colspan="2"|알 || <flashmp3>al j.mp3, al c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
−
**굴, 글자, 길, 길이, 날개, 설날, 달, 달러, 배달, 돌, 돌고래, 주말, 멀미, 물고기, 괴물, 밀가루, 발, 발레, 벌, 벌레, 라이벌, 볼, 불, 불고기, 불어, 이불, 빌리다, 살, 소설, 술, 수술, 미술, 마술, 슬리퍼, 슬프다, 실, 알, 얼굴, 열, 울다, 거울, 겨울, 가을, 일, 일기, 과일, 절, 줄, 거미줄, 고무줄, 질투, 철, 지하철, 출발, 칠, 칠레, 칼, 뮤지컬, 콜라, 털, 팔, 풀, 할머니, 할아버지, 헐리우드
+
|-
−
*Things like 맛, 맏, 맡, 맜, 맞, 맟, 맣 showing they all have the same sounds
+
|colspan="2"|얼 || <flashmp3>eol j.mp3, eol c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
−
*압, 앞 are the same
+
|-
−
**십, 갑자기,
+
|colspan="2"|올 || <flashmp3>ol j.mp3, ol c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
−
**보고싶다,  
+
|-
−
*억, 엌, 얶 are the same
+
|colspan="2"|울 || <flashmp3>ul j.mp3, ul c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
−
**먹다, 기억,  
+
|-
−
**부엌, (more examples)-->
+
|colspan="2"|일 || <flashmp3>il j.mp3, il c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;font-size:150%;"
 +
|-style="font-size:70%"
 +
!colspan="2"|Practice
 +
|-
 +
| 길 (road)
 +
| <flashmp3>gil j.mp3, gil c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 잘 (well)
 +
| <flashmp3>jal J.mp3, jal C.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 말 (horse)
 +
| <flashmp3>mal j.mp3, mal c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 물 (water)
 +
| <flashmp3>mul j.mp3, mul c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 칼 (knife)
 +
| <flashmp3>kal J.mp3, kal C.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 걸리다 (to be hung)
 +
| <flashmp3>geollida j.mp3, geollida c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
|열리다 (to be opened)
 +
|<flashmp3>Yeollida j.mp3, Yeollida c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 입술 (lips)
 +
| <flashmp3>ibsul j.mp3, ibsul c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
 
 +
 
 +
{| class="wikitable" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;width: 50%;"
 +
|-
 +
! Letter(s) !! Pronunciation !! Comment
 +
|-
 +
|ㅇ || /ŋ/ sound ("ng" sound like in ri'''ng''' or ha'''ng''')
 +
|
 +
*Normally ㅇ acts as a placeholder for a consonant and makes no sound, only in the final position does it make a sound.
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"|앙|| <flashmp3>ang j.mp3, ang c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"|엉 || <flashmp3>eong j.mp3, eong c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"|옹 || <flashmp3>ong j.mp3, ong c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"|웅 || <flashmp3>ung j.mp3, ung c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"|잉 || <flashmp3>ing j.mp3, ing c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;font-size:150%;"
 +
|-style="font-size:70%"
 +
!colspan="2"|Practice
 +
|-
 +
| 강 (river)
 +
| <flashmp3>gang j.mp3, gang c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 건강 (health)
 +
| <flashmp3>geongang j.mp3, geongang c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 공주 (princess)
 +
| <flashmp3>gongju j.mp3, gongju c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 빙하 (glacier)
 +
|<flashmp3>bingha j.mp3, bingha c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 증상 (symptom)
 +
|<flashmp3>jeungsang j.mp3, jeungsang C.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
{| class="wikitable" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;width: 50%;"
 +
|-
 +
! Letter(s) !! Pronunciation !! Comment
 +
|-
 +
|ㄷ, ㅅ, ㅆ, ㅈ, ㅊ, ㅌ, ㅎ|| /t/ sound
 +
|
 +
*The /t/ sound is cut short.
 +
*ㄷ, ㅊ, ㅈ, ㅌ don't frequently appear in the final position.
 +
*Although ㅎ is supposed to be a /t/ sound, it often mixes with the consonant it follows causing it to have another sound. This will be discussed later in step 7, so just keep it in mind for now.
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"|앋, 앗, 았, 앚, 앛, 앝, 앟|| <flashmp3>at j.mp3, at c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"|얻, 엇, 었, 엊 엋, 엍, 엏 || <flashmp3>eot j.mp3, eot c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"|옫, 옷, 옸, 엊, 엋, 엍, 엏 || <flashmp3>ot j.mp3, ot c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"|욷, 웃, 웄, 웆, 웇, 웉, 웋 || <flashmp3>ut j.mp3, ut c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"|읻, 잇, 있, 잊, 잋, 잍, 잏 || <flashmp3>it j.mp3, it c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;font-size:150%;"
 +
|-style="font-size:70%"
 +
!colspan="2"|Practice
 +
|-
 +
| 곧 (right away) / 곳 (place)
 +
| <flashmp3>got J.mp3, got C.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 낮잠 (nap)
 +
| <flashmp3>natjam j.mp3, natjam c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 닻줄 (anchor)
 +
| <flashmp3>Datjul j.mp3, Datjul c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 멋쟁이 (stylish person)
 +
| <flashmp3>Meotjaengi j.mp3, Meotjaengi c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 있다 (to exist, to have)
 +
| <flashmp3>itda J.mp3, itda C.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 찾다 (to find)
 +
| <flashmp3>chatda J.mp3, chatda C.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|loop=yes|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
==Compare==
 +
Compare the sounds of the final syllable when followed by a vowel, and when it's not followed by a vowel.
 +
 
 +
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;font-size:150%;"
 +
|-style="font-size:70%"
 +
!colspan="2"|Compare
 +
|-
 +
| 맛 <br><flashmp3>mat j.mp3, mat c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
| 맛이<sup>1</sup><br> <flashmp3>masi j.mp3, masi c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 살<br><flashmp3>sal j.mp3, sal c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
| 살이 <br><flashmp3>sari j.mp3, sari c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 목  <br><flashmp3>mok j.mp3, mok c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
| 목이 <br><flashmp3>mogi j.mp3, mogi c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 대답 <br><flashmp3>daedap j.mp3, daedap c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
| 대답이 <br><flashmp3>daedabi j.mp3, daedabi c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 빚 <br><flashmp3>bit j.mp3, bit c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
| 빚이 <br><flashmp3>biji j.mp3, biji c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 옆<br><flashmp3>yeop j.mp3, yeop c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
| 옆에<br><flashmp3>yeope j.mp3, yeope c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|-
 +
| 밑<br><flashmp3>mit j.mp3, mit c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
| 밑에<br><flashmp3>mite j.mp3, mite c.mp3|leftbg=003478|rightbg=c60c30|lefticon=ffffff|righticon=ffffff|loop=yes</flashmp3>
 +
|}
 +
#Remember ㅅ + 이 becomes a "sh" sound.
 +
 
 +
<!-- Find later ----
 +
밥 (rice)
 +
밭 (field)
 +
멀리 (far away)
 +
meolli J.mp3, meolli c.mp3
 +
성 (family name, last name)
 +
seong j.mp3, seong c.mp3
 +
--->
 +
 
 +
==More examples==
 +
More examples on the next page.
  
 
{| border=0 style="text-align:center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"
 
{| border=0 style="text-align:center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"
−
|-  
+
|-
−
| [[File:Back.png|link=Hangeul step 4|150px]]
+
| [[File:Back.png|link=Hangeul step 4b|150px]]
−
| [[File:Next.png|link=Hangeul step 6|150px]]
+
| [[File:Next.png|link=Hangeul step 5b|150px]]
 
|}
 
|}

Latest revision as of 21:55, 7 March 2013
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Introduction

Consonant + horizontal vowel + consonant
Consonant + vertical vowel + consonant

Up until now to keep it simple, we've only learned about syllables that only ended with a vowel, basically two letters put together to make a sound. Now we'll be learning about the final consonant that goes at the bottom of the syllables block, this final position is called a batchim. The sentence example below shows the characters in the final position (batchim) in blue:

Badchim sentence.png

This step will introduce you to the sounds in the final syllable position, some which are very different from their normal sounds. For now we are only going to include the characters ㄴ and ㅁ in the final position (batchim) since ㄴ and ㅁ do not change sounds in this position. Just remember each block of letters is pronounced as a syllable. Let's try some simple examples to help you understand.

Practice
사람 (person)
라면 (ramen)
몸매 (shape, figure)
금지 (prohibition)
안주 (side-dish for alcohol)
신문 (newspaper)


Sound shifts

If a consonant in the final position is followed by a vowel, the sound shifts over to the next syllable. The only sounds that don't shift over to the next syllable are ㅇ since it is weird to begin a word with a "ng" sound and ㅎ becomes silent when followed by a vowel.


Pronunciation When Followed By a Vowel
Original Actual Pronunciation Audio
맞아 마자
먹어 머거
집에 지베
좋아 조아
놀아 노라
필요하다 피료하다
한국어 한구거
졸업 조럽
십일 시빌
콩이1 콩이
  1. If the final position has ㅇ, there is no syllable shift.

Different sounds

If a consonant is in the final position and it is not followed by a vowel (meaning it is the last syllable of the word or followed by another consonant), then it may have a different pronunciation. You will notice from the tables below that many characters share the same sound when in the final position.

Also as you will notice, there are also the letters ㄲ and ㅆ below which we haven't learned yet. Don't worry as they are pronounced like some of the letters you have already learned when in the final position, so for now don't worry those letters until the next section.

Below you will see the name's of the consonants letters in Korean. As you can see they begin and end with the same letter, however you may notice most of the sounds at the beginning and end are different. You will also notice that even though some of the last syllables end in a different letter, they make the same sound as other letters. See the examples below, then go in detail about the difference in sounds.

Letter Name of letter Audio
ㄱ 기역
ㄴ 니은
ㄷ 디귿
ㄹ 리을
ㅁ 미음
ㅂ 비읍
ㅅ 시옷
ㅇ 이응
ㅈ 지읒
ㅊ 치읓
ㅋ 키읔
ㅌ 티읕
ㅍ 피읖
ㅎ 히읗
  • Note: ㅃ, ㄸ and ㅉ can't appear in the final position.
Letter(s) Pronunciation Comment
ㄱ,ㄲ,ㅋ /k/
  • The /k/ sound is cut short.
  • ㅋ and ㄲ do not commonly appear in the final position. In fact only a handful of words even have ㅋ in the final position.
악, 앜, 앆 all pronounced the same (audio)
억, 엌, 얶 (audio)
옥, 옼, 옦 (audio)
욱, 웈, 욲 (audio)
익, 잌, 읶 (audio)
Practice
고객 (customer)
낙지 (Octopus)
낚시 (fishing)
맥주 (beer)
묶다 (to tie)
부엌 (kitchen)
식사 (meal)


Letter(s) Pronunciation Comment
ㅂ,ㅍ /p/
  • The /p/ sound is cut short.
  • ㅂ appears in the final position more often than ㅍ.
압, 앞
업, 엎
옵, 옾
웁,웊
입, 잎
Practice
높다 (to be high)
덥다 (to be hot) / 덮다 (to cover something)
맙소사 (Oh no! Oh my god)
십 (ten)
접시 (dish, plate)
춥다 (to be cold)


Letter(s) Pronunciation Comment
ㄹ /l/ sound
  • In the final position ㄹ sounds like an /l/ sound instead of an /ɾ/ as we previously learned.
  • However if ㄹ is followed by a vowel it is a /ɾ/ sound.
  • Also if there are two consecutive ㄹ together, the second ㄹ also takes an /l/ sound.
알
얼
올
울
일
Practice
길 (road)
잘 (well)
말 (horse)
물 (water)
칼 (knife)
걸리다 (to be hung)
열리다 (to be opened)
입술 (lips)


Letter(s) Pronunciation Comment
ㅇ /ŋ/ sound ("ng" sound like in ring or hang)
  • Normally ㅇ acts as a placeholder for a consonant and makes no sound, only in the final position does it make a sound.
앙
엉
옹
웅
잉
Practice
강 (river)
건강 (health)
공주 (princess)
빙하 (glacier)
증상 (symptom)

Error: file jeungsang C.mp3 not found


Letter(s) Pronunciation Comment
ㄷ, ㅅ, ㅆ, ㅈ, ㅊ, ㅌ, ㅎ /t/ sound
  • The /t/ sound is cut short.
  • ㄷ, ㅊ, ㅈ, ㅌ don't frequently appear in the final position.
  • Although ㅎ is supposed to be a /t/ sound, it often mixes with the consonant it follows causing it to have another sound. This will be discussed later in step 7, so just keep it in mind for now.
앋, 앗, 았, 앚, 앛, 앝, 앟
얻, 엇, 었, 엊 엋, 엍, 엏
옫, 옷, 옸, 엊, 엋, 엍, 엏
욷, 웃, 웄, 웆, 웇, 웉, 웋
읻, 잇, 있, 잊, 잋, 잍, 잏
Practice
곧 (right away) / 곳 (place)
낮잠 (nap)
닻줄 (anchor)
멋쟁이 (stylish person)
있다 (to exist, to have)
찾다 (to find)

Compare

Compare the sounds of the final syllable when followed by a vowel, and when it's not followed by a vowel.

Compare
맛
맛이1
살
 살이
목
목이
대답
대답이
빚
빚이
옆
 옆에
밑
 밑에
  1. Remember ㅅ + 이 becomes a "sh" sound.


More examples

More examples on the next page.

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