Difference between revisions of "ㄷ irregular verbs"
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| − | + | Many verbs/adjectives with a ㄷ [[받침]] are irregular: the ㄷ changes to ㄹ when followed by a vowel. | |
| + | |||
| + | Note that many verbs/adjectives with a ㄷ [[받침]] are regular (the ㄷ does not change). There is no specific rule to know whether one is irregular or not; instead you must memorize which are irregular and which ones aren't. | ||
==Explanation== | ==Explanation== | ||
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:2. Follow the same conjugation rules for patterns with a [[받침]]. | :2. Follow the same conjugation rules for patterns with a [[받침]]. | ||
::For example: 걷다 + [[A/V + (으)니까]] you would use 으 since it has a [[받침]]. | ::For example: 걷다 + [[A/V + (으)니까]] you would use 으 since it has a [[받침]]. | ||
| + | :::So 걷다 becomes 걸으니까 | ||
| − | + | ||
| + | Note that [[ㄹ irregular verbs]], verbs with a ㄹ [[받침]] are irregular in a different way. (This can be somewhat confusing if you mix them up with ㄷ irregular verbs.) | ||
==Irregular Verbs== | ==Irregular Verbs== | ||
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| 묻다 (to ask) | | 묻다 (to ask) | ||
| 묻습니다 || 물어요 || 물었어요 || 물을 거예요 || 물으니까 || 물으면|| 물으세요 | | 묻습니다 || 물어요 || 물었어요 || 물을 거예요 || 물으니까 || 물으면|| 물으세요 | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | 붇다 (to swell) | ||
| + | | 붇습니다 || 불어요 || 불었어요 || 불을 거예요 || 불으니까 || 불으면|| 불으세요 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 싣다 (to load) | | 싣다 (to load) | ||
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*내리닫다 (run down, leap down) | *내리닫다 (run down, leap down) | ||
[[Category:Irregular verbs|Irregular ㄷ verbs]] | [[Category:Irregular verbs|Irregular ㄷ verbs]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Grammar]] | ||
Latest revision as of 11:05, 23 March 2023
Many verbs/adjectives with a ㄷ 받침 are irregular: the ㄷ changes to ㄹ when followed by a vowel.
Note that many verbs/adjectives with a ㄷ 받침 are regular (the ㄷ does not change). There is no specific rule to know whether one is irregular or not; instead you must memorize which are irregular and which ones aren't.
Explanation
- For irregular ㄷ verbs, no change is made to the 받침 if it is followed by a consonant.
- For example: 듣다 → 듣습니다
- For irregular ㄷ verbs, the ㄷ 받침 changes to a ㄹ when followed by a vowel.
- For example: 듣다 → 들어요
- Steps for conjugating irregular ㄷ verbs which are followed by a vowel:
- 1. Replace ㄷ 받침 with ㄹ
- 2. Follow the same conjugation rules for patterns with a 받침.
- For example: 걷다 + A/V + (으)니까 you would use 으 since it has a 받침.
- So 걷다 becomes 걸으니까
- For example: 걷다 + A/V + (으)니까 you would use 으 since it has a 받침.
Note that ㄹ irregular verbs, verbs with a ㄹ 받침 are irregular in a different way. (This can be somewhat confusing if you mix them up with ㄷ irregular verbs.)
Irregular Verbs
| Verb/Adj | A/V + (스)ㅂ니다 | A/V + 아 / 어 / 여 + 요 | A/V + 았 / 었 + 어요 | A/V + (으)ㄹ 거예요 | A/V + (으)니까 | A/V + (으)면 | V + (으)세요 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 걷다 (to walk) | 걷습니다 | 걸어요 | 걸었어요 | 걸을 거예요 | 걸으니까 | 걸으면 | 걸으세요 |
| 깨닫다 (to perceive, to realize) | 깨닫습니다 | 깨달아요 | 깨달았어요 | 깨달을 거예요 | 깨달으니까 | 깨달으면 | 깨달으세요 |
| 듣다 (to listen) | 듣습니다 | 들어요 | 들었어요 | 들을 거예요 | 들으니까 | 들으면 | 들으세요 |
| 묻다 (to ask) | 묻습니다 | 물어요 | 물었어요 | 물을 거예요 | 물으니까 | 물으면 | 물으세요 |
| 붇다 (to swell) | 붇습니다 | 불어요 | 불었어요 | 불을 거예요 | 불으니까 | 불으면 | 불으세요 |
| 싣다 (to load) | 싣습니다 | 실어요 | 실었어요 | 실을 거예요 | 실으니까 | 실으면 | 실으세요 |
Regular Verbs
These verbs are not affected by the rules of irregular verbs and are conjugated normally.
| Verb/Adj | A/V + (스)ㅂ니다 | A/V + 아 / 어 / 여 + 요 | A/V + 았 / 었 + 어요 | A/V + (으)ㄹ 거예요 | A/V + (으)니까 | A/V + (으)면 | V + (으)세요 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 믿다(to trust, believe) | 믿습니다 | 믿어요 | 믿었어요 | 믿을 거예요 | 믿으니까 | 믿으면 | 믿으세요 |
| 닫다(to close) | 닫습니다 | 닫아요 | 닫았어요 | 닫을 거예요 | 닫으니까 | 닫으면 | 닫으세요 |
| 받다(to receive) | 받습니다 | 받아요 | 받았어요 | 받을 거예요 | 받으니까 | 받으면 | 받으세요 |
| 얻다(to receive) | 얻습니다 | 얻어요 | 얻었어요 | 얻을 거예요 | 얻으니까 | 얻으면 | 얻으세요 |
| 묻다(to bury) | 묻습니다 | 묻어요 | 묻었어요 | 묻을 거예요 | 묻으니까 | 묻으면 | 묻으세요 |
| 쏟다(to pour) | 쏟습니다 | 쏟아요 | 쏟았어요 | 쏟을 거예요 | 쏟으니까 | 쏟으면 | 쏟으세요 |
?:
- 내닫다(to run away suddenly)
- 내리닫다 (run down, leap down)
