Difference between revisions of "ㄹ irregular verbs"
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seperate table for ㄹ + grammars like future tense, 로, and 면? Also ㄴ/는데 | seperate table for ㄹ + grammars like future tense, 로, and 면? Also ㄴ/는데 | ||
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==More Examples== | ==More Examples== | ||
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{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" | ||
| − | |+ | + | |+Conjugation Examples |
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! Verb/Adj !! [[A/V + (스)ㅂ니다]] !! [[A/V + 아 / 어 / 여 + 요]] !! [[A/V + 았/었 + 어요]] !! [[A/V + (으)ㄹ 거예요]] | ! Verb/Adj !! [[A/V + (스)ㅂ니다]] !! [[A/V + 아 / 어 / 여 + 요]] !! [[A/V + 았/었 + 어요]] !! [[A/V + (으)ㄹ 거예요]] | ||
Revision as of 12:36, 7 February 2009
Verbs and adjectives whose stem ends with a ㄹ 받침 are irregular. Some examples of include 알다, 살다, 열다 and 팔다. These verbs/adjectives don't follow normal conjugation rules required for 받침 containing stems, and instead follow the conjugation rules of non 받침 verbs. Also if followed by ㄴ,ㅂ,ㅅ, then the ㄹ in the stem disappears.
Explanation
Normally verb/adjectives whose stem has a 받침 follows a certain type of rule to conjugate it with a grammar pattern. If you notice in this wiki and many other text books, there is often a (으) in grammar patterns, some examples include A/V + (으)면, A/V + (으)니까. So for example, the pattern A/V + (으)면 has two rules, if it has a 받침 at the end of the stem, add 으면 to the stem, otherwise just add 면 to the stem.
A/V+(으)면 Rule 1: If there is no 받침 add 면 Rule 2: If there is a 받침 add 으면
| Step # | 가다 (to go) | 먹다 (to eat) | 알다 (to know) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Step 1: Does it have a 받침 at the end of stem? | No | Yes, the 받침 is ㄱ | Yes, the 받침 is ㄹ (special case) |
| Step 2: Find proper conjugation rule | Use rule 1: A/V + 면 |
Use rule 2: A/V + 으면 |
It is a ㄹ 받침 (irregular) and we treat it like there is no 받침, so we must use rule 1 instead of rule 2, so A/V + 면 |
| Step 3: Apply the conjugation rule | 가면 | 먹으면 | 알면 |
As stated previously, these verbs/adjective stem follow the same conjugation rules as stem without a 받침.So if it is followed by ㄴ,ㅂ,ㅅ, then the ㄹ disappears. For example 팔다 in the grammar form V + (으)세요 becomes 파세요, NOT 팔세요.
- show image
| Step # | 가다 (to go) | 먹다 (to eat) | 알다 (to know) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Step 1: Does it have a 받침 at the end of stem? | No | Yes, the 받침 is ㄱ | Yes, the 받침 is ㄹ (special case) |
| Step 2: Find proper conjugation rule | Use rule 1: A/V + 니까 |
Use rule 2: A/V + 으니까 |
It is a ㄹ 받침 (irregular) and we treat it like there is no 받침, so we must use rule 1 instead of rule 2, so A/V + 니까 |
| Step 3: Apply the conjugation rule | 가니까 | 먹으니까 | 알니까 |
| Step 4: Fix conflict | No conflict(regular verb) | No conflict(regular verb) | The ㄹ disappears and it becomes 아니까 because there was a conflict between the ㄹ 받침 and ㄴ in the previous step. |
also cases like 로, 면 ㄹ can't be used with (으) cases?
seperate table for ㄹ + grammars like future tense, 로, and 면? Also ㄴ/는데
More Examples
Below are a table of conjugation examples. These rules apply the same for other irregular ㄹ verbs such as: 길다,놀다, 들다, 만들다, 멀다, 살다, 알다, 열다, 울다, 팔다, 힘들다 (etc).
| Verb/Adj | A/V + (스)ㅂ니다 | A/V + 아 / 어 / 여 + 요 | A/V + 았/었 + 어요 | A/V + (으)ㄹ 거예요 | A/V + (으)니까 | A/V + (으)면 | A + 군요 / V + 는군요 | A/V + 니 | V + (으)세요 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 길다 (to be long) | 깁니다 | 길어요 | 길었어요 | 길 거예요 | 기니까 | 길면 | 길군요 | 기니 | |
| 만들다 (to make) | 만듭니다 | 만들어요 | 만들었어요 | 만들 거예요 | 만드니까 | 만들면 | 만드는군요 | 만드니 | |
| 멀다 (to be far) | 멉니다 | 멀어요 | 멀었어요 | 멀 거예요 | 머니까 | 멀면 | 멀군요 | 머니 | |
| 알다 (to know) | 압니다 | 알아요 | 알았어요 | 알 거예요 | 아니까 | 알면 | 아는군요 | 아니 | |
| 힘들다 (to difficult, tiring) | 힘듭니다 | 힘들어요 | 힘들었어요 | 힘들 거예요 | 힘드니까 | 힘들면 | 힘들군요 | 힘드니 |
