Difference between revisions of "Hangeul step 1/es"
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==Breve historia== | ==Breve historia== | ||
| − | ''Vea el artículo completo (inglés) en [[Wikipedia:Origin_of_Hangul| | + | ''Vea el artículo completo (inglés) en [[Wikipedia:Origin_of_Hangul|El origen del Hangeul]]'' |
[[Image:Hunmin jeong-eum.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Una página de Hunmin Jeong-eum Eonha]] | [[Image:Hunmin jeong-eum.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Una página de Hunmin Jeong-eum Eonha]] | ||
Al observar la frustración que sentían sus siervos por no poder expresar sus sentimientos mediante los caracteres chinos utilizados hasta la época, el rey Sejong el Grande se sintió impelido a crear un nuevo alfabeto, al que actualmente denominamos ''Hankul'' o ''Hangul''. | Al observar la frustración que sentían sus siervos por no poder expresar sus sentimientos mediante los caracteres chinos utilizados hasta la época, el rey Sejong el Grande se sintió impelido a crear un nuevo alfabeto, al que actualmente denominamos ''Hankul'' o ''Hangul''. | ||
Debido a la facilidad con la cual se aprende el alfabeto, algunos letrados contemporáneos a Sejong lo denominaron ''amkul'', que significa "letra de mujeres". Precisamente, gracias a esa facilidad, el analfabetismo prácticamente ha desaparecido de Corea. | Debido a la facilidad con la cual se aprende el alfabeto, algunos letrados contemporáneos a Sejong lo denominaron ''amkul'', que significa "letra de mujeres". Precisamente, gracias a esa facilidad, el analfabetismo prácticamente ha desaparecido de Corea. | ||
| + | {{-}} | ||
| − | == | + | ==Letras== |
| − | + | El coreano es muy diferente respecto a otros idiomas asiático ya que no usa letras que representan ideas (como el japonés con los kanjis). Al igual que el inglés, las letras se clasifican en consonantes o vocales. | |
| − | === | + | ===Consonantes=== |
The letters for the consonants fall into five groups, each with a basic shape and one or more letters derived from this shape by means of additional strokes. The basic shapes represent the positions of the tongue, palate, teeth, and throat when making these sounds. The consonant clusters are not common and can only appear in the bottom position of a syllable. | The letters for the consonants fall into five groups, each with a basic shape and one or more letters derived from this shape by means of additional strokes. The basic shapes represent the positions of the tongue, palate, teeth, and throat when making these sounds. The consonant clusters are not common and can only appear in the bottom position of a syllable. | ||
*Simple: [[ㄱ]], [[ㄴ]], [[ㄷ]], [[ㄹ]], [[ㅁ]], [[ㅂ]], [[ㅅ]], [[ㅇ]], [[ㅈ]], [[ㅎ]] | *Simple: [[ㄱ]], [[ㄴ]], [[ㄷ]], [[ㄹ]], [[ㅁ]], [[ㅂ]], [[ㅅ]], [[ㅇ]], [[ㅈ]], [[ㅎ]] | ||
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--> | --> | ||
| − | === | + | ===Vocales=== |
Korean vowels cannot be written by themselves and must be written with a consonant. If just a vowel sound is made in a syllable, the consonant "ㅇ" acts as a silent placeholder for the consonant position. Why does Korean require a consonant be written with vowel? Think of the ying and the yang concept. So for example, in order to make the ㅏ sound in an actual word, it must be written as 아 where ㅇ is the silent consonant which acts as the placeholder for the consonant. | Korean vowels cannot be written by themselves and must be written with a consonant. If just a vowel sound is made in a syllable, the consonant "ㅇ" acts as a silent placeholder for the consonant position. Why does Korean require a consonant be written with vowel? Think of the ying and the yang concept. So for example, in order to make the ㅏ sound in an actual word, it must be written as 아 where ㅇ is the silent consonant which acts as the placeholder for the consonant. | ||
*Simple vowels: [[ㅏ]], [[ㅓ]], [[ㅗ]], [[ㅜ]], [[ㅡ]], [[ㅣ]] | *Simple vowels: [[ㅏ]], [[ㅓ]], [[ㅗ]], [[ㅜ]], [[ㅡ]], [[ㅣ]] | ||
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*Dipthongs (combinations, usually adding a 'w' sound): [[ㅐ]], [[ㅒ]], [[ㅔ]], [[ㅖ]], [[ㅚ]], [[ㅟ]], [[ㅢ]], [[ㅘ]], [[ㅝ]], [[ㅙ]], [[ㅞ]] | *Dipthongs (combinations, usually adding a 'w' sound): [[ㅐ]], [[ㅒ]], [[ㅔ]], [[ㅖ]], [[ㅚ]], [[ㅟ]], [[ㅢ]], [[ㅘ]], [[ㅝ]], [[ㅙ]], [[ㅞ]] | ||
| − | <!--==== | + | <!--====Diseño==== |
Vowel letters are based on three elements: | Vowel letters are based on three elements: | ||
* A horizontal line representing the flat Earth, the essence of yin. | * A horizontal line representing the flat Earth, the essence of yin. | ||
| Line 86: | Line 87: | ||
In Korean [[onomatopoeia]], you can change a sounds loudness by changing the vowel from or to a light vowel to make it softer or dark vowel to make it louder--> | In Korean [[onomatopoeia]], you can change a sounds loudness by changing the vowel from or to a light vowel to make it softer or dark vowel to make it louder--> | ||
| − | == | + | ==Estructura== |
The easiest way to describe the structure of Hangeul is that of its being a combination of both a letter-based system of writing, like the language of English, and a character-based system of writing like Chinese. Korean syllables are organized into blocks of letters that have a beginning consonant (called Cho (Hangeul: ''needed'')), a middle vowel (called Jung (Hangeul: ''needed'')), and an optional end consonant (called the batchim (Hangeul: 빋침)). A syllable block has a minimum of two letters, consisting of one consonant and one vowel. | The easiest way to describe the structure of Hangeul is that of its being a combination of both a letter-based system of writing, like the language of English, and a character-based system of writing like Chinese. Korean syllables are organized into blocks of letters that have a beginning consonant (called Cho (Hangeul: ''needed'')), a middle vowel (called Jung (Hangeul: ''needed'')), and an optional end consonant (called the batchim (Hangeul: 빋침)). A syllable block has a minimum of two letters, consisting of one consonant and one vowel. | ||
*ㄱ + ㅏ = 가 | *ㄱ + ㅏ = 가 | ||
*ㄴ + ㅜ + ㄴ = 눈 | *ㄴ + ㅜ + ㄴ = 눈 | ||
| − | === | + | ===Posible combinaciones de sílabas=== |
<gallery> | <gallery> | ||
| − | Image:Cons vowel horiz.gif| | + | Image:Cons vowel horiz.gif|Consonante + vocal (horizontal): muy común |
| − | Image:Cons vowel cons horiz.gif| | + | Image:Cons vowel cons horiz.gif|Consonante + vowel + consonante (horizontal): muy común |
| − | Image:Cons vowel cons cluster horiz.gif| | + | Image:Cons vowel cons cluster horiz.gif|Consonante + vowel + consonant cluster: se ve poco |
| − | Image:Cons vowel vert.gif|Consonant + vowel (vertical): | + | Image:Cons vowel vert.gif|Consonant + vowel (vertical): muy común |
| − | Image:Cons vowel cons vert.gif| | + | Image:Cons vowel cons vert.gif|Consonante + vowel + consonante (vertical): muy común |
| − | Image:Cons vowel cons cluster vert.gif|Consonant + vowel + | + | Image:Cons vowel cons cluster vert.gif|Consonant + vowel + consonante clúster (vertical): se ve poco |
| − | Image:Cons_vowel_vowel.gif| | + | Image:Cons_vowel_vowel.gif|Consonante + vocales diptongo: común |
| − | Image:Cons vowel vowel cons.gif| | + | Image:Cons vowel vowel cons.gif|Consonante + vocales diptongo + consonant: común |
| − | Image:Cons vowel vowel cons cluster.gif| | + | Image:Cons vowel vowel cons cluster.gif|Consonante + vocales diptongo + consonante clúster: muy raro |
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
| − | + | Vamos a empezar!! | |
{| border=0 style="text-align:center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" | {| border=0 style="text-align:center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[File:Next.png|link=Hangeul step 2|150px]] | + | | [[File:Next.png|link=Hangeul step 2/es|150px]] |
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 18:29, 27 June 2010
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Contents
Introducción
Bienvenido! A diferencia del japonés y del chino, los fundamentos de la escritura básica del coreano se pueden aprender en pocas horas. La única forma de pronunciar las el lenguaje coreano con precisión es utilizar su escritura. Al tener el inglés y el coreano diferentes sonidos, usar la romanización como técnica para aprender coreano no una buena idea después de todo. Por ello, hemos elaborado un plan de aprendizaje con 6 unidades y se han utilizado diversos métodos para ayudar aprender más rápida y eficazmente el idioma coreano. Éste es un proyecto conjunto entre la Korean Wiki Project y TalktomeinKorean.com. Gracias a la colaboración de todos, esperamos que este proyecto se lleve a cabo. Gracias por su apoyo y ayuda.
Más adelante se creará una unidad 7 para para ayudar con la pronunciación avanzada.
Breve historia
Vea el artículo completo (inglés) en El origen del Hangeul
Al observar la frustración que sentían sus siervos por no poder expresar sus sentimientos mediante los caracteres chinos utilizados hasta la época, el rey Sejong el Grande se sintió impelido a crear un nuevo alfabeto, al que actualmente denominamos Hankul o Hangul.
Debido a la facilidad con la cual se aprende el alfabeto, algunos letrados contemporáneos a Sejong lo denominaron amkul, que significa "letra de mujeres". Precisamente, gracias a esa facilidad, el analfabetismo prácticamente ha desaparecido de Corea.
Letras
El coreano es muy diferente respecto a otros idiomas asiático ya que no usa letras que representan ideas (como el japonés con los kanjis). Al igual que el inglés, las letras se clasifican en consonantes o vocales.
Consonantes
The letters for the consonants fall into five groups, each with a basic shape and one or more letters derived from this shape by means of additional strokes. The basic shapes represent the positions of the tongue, palate, teeth, and throat when making these sounds. The consonant clusters are not common and can only appear in the bottom position of a syllable.
- Simple: ㄱ, ㄴ, ㄷ, ㄹ, ㅁ, ㅂ, ㅅ, ㅇ, ㅈ, ㅎ
- Tense (or stressed) consonants or glottalized (written as two simple, identical consonants and involve tensing of the involved speech organs): ㄲ, ㄸ, ㅃ, ㅆ, ㅉ
- Aspirated (blowing more air than the simple consonant on which it is based): ㅊ, ㅋ, ㅌ, ㅍ
- Consonant clusters (containing two unrelated consonants): ㄳ, ㄵ, ㄶ, ㄺ, ㄻ, ㄼ, ㄽ, ㄾ, ㄿ, ㅀ, ㅄ
Vocales
Korean vowels cannot be written by themselves and must be written with a consonant. If just a vowel sound is made in a syllable, the consonant "ㅇ" acts as a silent placeholder for the consonant position. Why does Korean require a consonant be written with vowel? Think of the ying and the yang concept. So for example, in order to make the ㅏ sound in an actual word, it must be written as 아 where ㅇ is the silent consonant which acts as the placeholder for the consonant.
- Simple vowels: ㅏ, ㅓ, ㅗ, ㅜ, ㅡ, ㅣ
- Iotized (Adds a 'y' sound): ㅑ, ㅕ, ㅛ, ㅠ
- Dipthongs (combinations, usually adding a 'w' sound): ㅐ, ㅒ, ㅔ, ㅖ, ㅚ, ㅟ, ㅢ, ㅘ, ㅝ, ㅙ, ㅞ
Estructura
The easiest way to describe the structure of Hangeul is that of its being a combination of both a letter-based system of writing, like the language of English, and a character-based system of writing like Chinese. Korean syllables are organized into blocks of letters that have a beginning consonant (called Cho (Hangeul: needed)), a middle vowel (called Jung (Hangeul: needed)), and an optional end consonant (called the batchim (Hangeul: 빋침)). A syllable block has a minimum of two letters, consisting of one consonant and one vowel.
- ㄱ + ㅏ = 가
- ㄴ + ㅜ + ㄴ = 눈
Posible combinaciones de sílabas
Consonante + vocal (horizontal): muy común
Consonante + vowel + consonante (horizontal): muy común
Consonante + vowel + consonant cluster: se ve poco
Consonant + vowel (vertical): muy común
Consonante + vowel + consonante (vertical): muy común
Consonant + vowel + consonante clúster (vertical): se ve poco
Consonante + vocales diptongo: común
Consonante + vocales diptongo + consonant: común
Consonante + vocales diptongo + consonante clúster: muy raro
Vamos a empezar!!
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