Difference between revisions of "IPA"

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(Imported from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_Korean)
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|align="center"|<big>kʰ</big>|| ㅋ, ㅎㄱ || k || '''''c'''all'' ||
 
|align="center"|<big>kʰ</big>|| ㅋ, ㅎㄱ || k || '''''c'''all'' ||
 
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|align="center"|<big>l</big>|| ㄹ, ㄴ || l || ''ca'''ll''''' || ㄹ is [l] at the end of a syllable.<br>ㄹㄴ and ㄴㄹ may be [ll].
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|align="center"|<big>l</big>|| ㄹ, ㄴ || l || ''ca'''ll''''' || ㄹ is [l] at the end of a syllable.<br>ㄹㄴ and ㄴㄹ may be [ll] or [lː]. Across word boundaries though, ㄴ-ㄹ is [nn] or [nː].
 
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|align="center"|<big>m</big>|| ㅁ, ㅂ || m || '''''m'''all'' || ㅂ is [m] before [n] or [m].
 
|align="center"|<big>m</big>|| ㅁ, ㅂ || m || '''''m'''all'' || ㅂ is [m] before [n] or [m].
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|align="center"|<big>s͈</big>|| ㅆ || ss || '''''S'''aul'' || tense [s]
 
|align="center"|<big>s͈</big>|| ㅆ || ss || '''''S'''aul'' || tense [s]
 
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|align="center"|<big>t</big>|| ㄷ<br>{{nowrap|ㄷ, ㅌ, ㅅ, ㅈ, ㅊ}} || d<br>t || — || All are [t] and RR ''t'' at the end of a syllable.
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|align="center"|<big>t</big>|| ㄷ<br>{{nowrap|ㄷ, ㅌ, ㅅ, ㅈ, ㅊ, ㅎ}} || d<br>t || — || All are [t] and RR ''t'' at the end of a syllable. The only things to end in ㅎ are the name of the ㅎ jamo, which is called "히읗," and certain verb stems like 좋 from 좋다. Only relevant when teaching grammar or linguistics.
 
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|align="center"|<big>t͈</big>|| ㄸ || tt || ''s'''t'''all'' || tense [t]
 
|align="center"|<big>t͈</big>|| ㄸ || tt || ''s'''t'''all'' || tense [t]
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|align="center"|<big>uː</big>
 
|align="center"|<big>uː</big>
 
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|align="center"|<big>ʌ, ɔ</big>|| rowspan=2| ㅓ || rowspan=2| eo || rowspan=2| ''y'''ou'''ng'' (these are pronounced [ɔ], as in ''more,'' in Seoul and North Korea)
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|align="center"|<big>ʌ, ɔ</big>|| rowspan=2| ㅓ || rowspan=2| eo || rowspan=2| ''y'''ou'''ng'' (these are pronounced [ɔ], as in ''north,'' in Seoul and North Korea)
 
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|align="center"|<big>əː, ɔː</big>
 
|align="center"|<big>əː, ɔː</big>
 
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|align="center"|<big>ɯ</big>|| rowspan=2|ㅡ ||rowspan=2| eu || rowspan=2| Separate sound in Standard Korean; similar to ''eo'' for many dialects.
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|align="center"|<big>ɯ, ɨ</big>|| rowspan=2|ㅡ ||rowspan=2| eu || rowspan=2| Separate sound in Standard Korean; similar to ''eo'' for many dialects.
 
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|-
 
|align="center"|<big>ɯː</big>
 
|align="center"|<big>ɯː</big>

Revision as of 09:15, 10 November 2011

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Korean language pronunciations.

Korean consonants

IPA Hangul RR trans. English equivalent Notes
b b ball between voiced sounds
ɕ s she before [i] or [j]
d d doll between voiced sounds
j gee between voiced sounds
ɡ g gall between voiced sounds
h h hall
j ㅖ, ㅒ, ㅑ,
ㅛ, ㅠ, ㅕ
y y’all Spelled by doubling the dot on the vowel.
k ㄱ, ㅋ g, k ㅋ is [k] at the end of a syllable.
kk skin tense [k]
ㅋ, ㅎㄱ k call
l ㄹ, ㄴ l call ㄹ is [l] at the end of a syllable.
ㄹㄴ and ㄴㄹ may be [ll] or [lː]. Across word boundaries though, ㄴ-ㄹ is [nn] or [nː].
m ㅁ, ㅂ m mall ㅂ is [m] before [n] or [m].
n ㄴ, ㄹ,
ㄷ, ㅅ, ㅈ
n not ㄹ may be [n] at the start of a word.
ㄷ, ㅅ, ㅈ are [n] before [n] or [m].
ŋ ㅇ, ㄱ ng king ㅇ is only [ŋ] at the end of a syllable.
ㄱ is [ŋ] before [n], [m] or [ɾ]
p ㅂ, ㅍ b, p ㅍ is [p] at the end of a syllable.
pp span tense [p]
ㅍ, ㅎㅂ p pall
ɾ r A flap, like Scots r or American ladder, between vowels
s s [s] with almost no sibilance
ss Saul tense [s]
t
ㄷ, ㅌ, ㅅ, ㅈ, ㅊ, ㅎ
d
t
All are [t] and RR t at the end of a syllable. The only things to end in ㅎ are the name of the ㅎ jamo, which is called "히읗," and certain verb stems like 좋 from 좋다. Only relevant when teaching grammar or linguistics.
tt stall tense [t]
ㅌ, ㅎㄷ t tall
j each
tɕ͈ jj tense [tɕ]
tɕʰ ㅊ, ㅎㅈ ch chin
w ㅜ, ㅗ w wall spelled ㅜ before [ʌ], [e], [i];
ㅗ before [ɛ], [e],* [a]
*ㅚ is pronounced [we] by most, but as the rounded ö vowel [ø] by some older speakers.

Korean vowels

IPA Hangul RR trans. Notes
a a spa
e e Similar to the beginning of the diphthong in main
ɛ ae met; similar to e for young speakers.
ɛː
i i mean
o o Spanish o or French eau
u u moon
ʌ, ɔ eo young (these are pronounced [ɔ], as in north, in Seoul and North Korea)
əː, ɔː
ɯ, ɨ eu Separate sound in Standard Korean; similar to eo for many dialects.
ɯː

Korean diphthongs

IPA Hangul RR trans. Notes
ɯi ui
ø,
we
oe ㅚ is pronounced [we] by most, but as the rounded ö vowel [ø] by some older speakers.

Sounds not written in hangul

IPA Explanation
ː Long vowel. Long [ʌ] is [əː]. Young speakers in Seoul do not use length consistently, if at all.
 ́ High tone, on any one syllable or the first two; used outside Seoul.