Difference between revisions of "Causative form"
(Finished the first list. Please note that it is more appropriate to say 닦이다 is the passive form of the verb 닦다, not the causative.) |
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| 보이다 (to show) | | 보이다 (to show) | ||
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| + | Active- 나는 영화를 보았다. (I saw a movie.) | ||
| + | |||
| + | Causative- 학생이 내게 사진을 보였다. (A student showed me a photograph.) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 속다 (to be fooled, to be deceived) | | 속다 (to be fooled, to be deceived) | ||
| − | | 속이다 ( | + | | 속이다 (to trick, to deceive, to lie) |
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| | | | ||
| + | Active- 또다시 일기예보에게 속았다. (I am fooled by the weather forecast again.) | ||
| + | |||
| + | Causative- 절대로 사람을 속이지 마라. (Never deceive a person.) | ||
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Revision as of 13:39, 26 October 2014
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A causative form, in linguistics, (a) is an expression of an agent causing or forcing a patient to perform an action or to be in a certain condition--salient cause, (b) is an expression of a patient involves in a non-volitional event that registers the changes of its state--salient effect, (c) is an expression of a grammatical modality in perfective (sequential) or subjenctive (hypothetical) or realis (non-hypothetical) state--perceptual salient. In Korean, this form is called 사동.
Forming causatives
Explaining the form with subject marker, object marker, etc.
| Active verb | Causative verb | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| 먹다 (to eat) | 먹이다 (to feed) |
Active- 나는 김치를 먹는다.(I eat Kimchi) Causative- 나는 강아지에게 물을 먹인다.(I made my dog to drink water) |
| 죽다 (to die) | 죽이다 (to kill) |
Active- 지진 때문에 많은 사람이 죽었다. (Many people died from the earthquake.) Causative- 그는 사람을 죽였다. (He killed a person.) |
| 붙다 (to stick to) | 붙이다 (to stick) | |
| 끓다 (to boil) | 끓이다 (to make something boil) |
Active- 물은 100℃ 이상에서 끓는다. (Water boils in the temperature of 100℃ and over.) Causative- 나는 김치찌개를 끓였다. (I boiled the Kimchi-jjigae.) |
| 보다 (to see, to look, to watch) | 보이다 (to show) |
Active- 나는 영화를 보았다. (I saw a movie.) Causative- 학생이 내게 사진을 보였다. (A student showed me a photograph.) |
| 속다 (to be fooled, to be deceived) | 속이다 (to trick, to deceive, to lie) |
Active- 또다시 일기예보에게 속았다. (I am fooled by the weather forecast again.) Causative- 절대로 사람을 속이지 마라. (Never deceive a person.) |
| Active verb | Causative verb | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| 익다 | 익히다 | |
| 읽다 (to read) | 읽히다 | |
| 입다 (to wear) | 입히다 | |
| 앉다 (to sit) | 앉히다 | |
| 눕다 | 눕히다 | |
| 맞다 | 맞히다 |
| Active verb | Causative verb | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| 알다 | 알리다 | |
| 울다 | 울리다 | |
| 돌다 | 돌리다 | |
| 살다 | 살리다 | |
| 놀다 | 놀리다 | |
| 걷다 | 걸리다 |
| Active verb | Causative verb | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| 벗다 | 벗기다 | |
| 신다 | 신기다 | |
| 웃다 | 웃기다 | |
| 맡다 | 맡기다 | |
| 감다 | 감기다 | |
| 씻다 | 씻기다 |
| Active verb | Causative verb | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| 깨다 | 깨우다 | |
| 서다 | 세우다 | |
| 쓰다 | 씌우다 | |
| 자다 | 재우다 | |
| 타다 | 태우다 |
Creating causative form
The causative form can also be created using: See V + 게 하다
