Linguistics and language

General

• 번역(하다) <譯·飜譯> - Translation, to translate
• 번역가 - A translator
• 통역(하다) - Interpret
• 문법 - Grammar

Sound types

• 자음 - Consonant
• 모음 - Vowel

Levels of speech

• 반말 - Intimate form
• 존댓말 - Polite form

Parts of speech (품사)

• 동사 - Verb (also known as an action verb or dynamic verb)
• 명사 - Noun
• 대명사 - Pronoun
• 형용사 - Adjective (also known as a descriptive verb or stative verb)
• 부사 - Adverb
• 조사 - Particle/postposition
• 감탄사 - Interjection/exclamation