Talk:Hangeul step 5
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Introduction
Consonant + vertical vowel + consonant
Up until now to keep it simple, we've only learned about syllables that ended with a vowel, basically two letters put together to make a sound. Now we'll be learning about the final consonant that goes at the bottom of the syllables block, this final position is called a batchim. The batchim is written in the bottom/final position. A sentence example where the batchim is in blue below:
This step will introduce you to the sounds in the final syllable position, some which are very different from their normal sounds.
Sound shifts
If a consonant in the final position followed by a vowel, the sound shifts over to the next syllable. The only sounds that don't shift over to the next syllable are ㅇ since it is weird to begin a weird with a "ng" sound and ㅎ becomes silent when followed by a vowel.
| Original | Actual Pronunciation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| 맞아 | 마자 | |
| 먹어 | 머거 | |
| 집에 | 지베 | |
| 좋아 | 조아 | |
| 놀아 | 노라 | |
| 필요하다 | 피료하다 | |
| 한국어 | 한구거 | |
| 졸업 | 조럽 | |
| 십일 | 시빌 |
Different sounds
If a consonant in the final position and it is not followed by a vowel (meaning it is the last syllable of the word or followed by another consonant), then it may have a different pronunciation. You will notice from the tables below that many characters share the same sound when in the final position.
Also as you will notice, there are also the letters ㄲ and ㅆ below which we haven't learned yet. Don't worry as they are pronounced like some of the letters you have already learned when in the final position, so for now don't worry those letters until the next section.
- Note: ㅃ, ㄸ and ㅉ can't appear in the final position.
| Letter(s) | Pronunciation | Comment |
|---|---|---|
| ㄱ,ㄲ,ㅋ | /k/ | The /k/ sound is cut short. ㅋ and ㄲ do not commonly appear in the final position. |
| 악, 앜, 앆 all pronounced the same | (audio) | |
| 억, 엌, 얶 | (audio) | |
| 옥, 옼, 옦 | (audio) | |
| 욱, 웈, 욲 | (audio) | |
| 익, 잌, 읶 | (audio) | |
| Practice | |
|---|---|
| 고객 (customer) | |
| 낙지 (Octopus) | |
| 낚시 (fishing) | |
| 맥주 (beer) | |
| 부엌 (kitchen) | |
| 식사 | |
| 욕 (foul language) | |
| 육 (six) | |
| 혹시 (by chance) | |
| Letter(s) | Pronunciation | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ㅂ,ㅍ | /p/ | The /p/ sound is cut short. | |
| 압, 앞 | (audio) | ||
| 업, 엎 | (audio) | ||
| 옵, 옾 | (audio) | ||
| 웁,웊 | (audio) | ||
| 입, 잎 | (audio) | ||
| Practice | |
|---|---|
| 갑자기 (suddenly) | |
| 높다 (to be high) | |
| 덥다 (to be hot) | |
| 맙소사 (Oh no! Oh my god) | |
| 밥 (rice) | |
| 십 (ten) | |
| 접시 (dish, plate) | |
| 춥다 (to be cold) | |
Need more ㅍ 받침 examples
- 옆 / 옆에
- 깊이 (deeply)
| Letter(s) | Pronunciation | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ㄹ | /l/ sound | In the final position ㄹ sounds like an /l/ sound instead of an /ɾ/ as we previously learned. However if ㄹ is followed by a vowel it is a /ɾ/ sound. Also if there are two consecutive ㄹ together, the second ㄹ also takes an /l/ sound. | |
| 알 | (audio) | ||
| 얼 | (audio) | ||
| 올 | (audio) | ||
| 울 | (audio) | ||
| 일 | (audio) | ||
| Practice | |
|---|---|
- 길
- 갈비
- 말
- 물
- 멀리
- 칼
- 걸리다
- 일요일 - Sunday
- 술
- 입술 - lips
| Letter(s) | Pronunciation | Comment |
|---|---|---|
| ㅇ | /ŋ/ sound ("ng" sound like in ring or hang) | Normally ㅇ acts as a placeholder for a consonant and makes no sound, only in the final position does it make a sound. |
| 앙 | (audio) | |
| 엉 | (audio) | |
| 옹 | (audio) | |
| 웅 | (audio) | |
| 잉 | (audio) | |
| Practice | |
|---|---|
- 강
- 공군
- 건강
- 강아지
- 동
- 공주
- 방
- 성
- 승진 - promotion
- 공원 - park
- 망하다 -
- 빙하 - glacier
- 상추
- 증상
| Letter(s) | Pronunciation | Comment |
|---|---|---|
| ㄷ, ㅅ, ㅆ, ㅈ, ㅊ, ㅌ, ㅎ | /t/ sound | The /t/ sound is cut short. |
| 앋, 앗, 았, 앚, 앛, 앝, 앟 | (audio) | |
| 얻, 엇, 었, 엊 엋, 엍, 엏 | (audio) | |
| 옫, 옷, 옸, 엊, 엋, 엍, 엏 | (audio) | |
| 욷, 웃, 웄, 웆, 웇, 웉, 웋 | (audio) | |
| 읻, 잇, 있, 잊, 잋, 잍, 잏 | (audio) | |
| Practice | |
|---|---|
- 맛
- 멋쟁이
- 곧
- 곳 / 곳이
- 빚 / 빚이
- 닻줄
- 낮잠
- 있다
- 찾다
- 젖다 - to be wet, soaked
낮추다
|- |닻줄 (anchor cable) | |- |낮잠 (nap) | |- |있다 (to exist, to have) | |- |찾다 (to find) |
- The pronunciation of ㅁ and ㄴ don't change from their normal sounds in the final position.
Compare
Compare the sounds of the final syllable when followed by a vowel, and when it's not followed by a vowel.
| Compare | |
|---|---|
| 맛 |
맛이1 |
| 살 |
살이 |
| 목 |
목이 |
| 대답 |
대답이 |
| 빚 |
빚이 |
| 콩 |
콩이 |
- Remember ㅅ + 이 becomes a "sh" sound.
Double Consonant Cluster
Sometimes there are two consonants in the final position such as the ㄺ in the word 닭 or the ㄼ in 여덟. We will cover this in the step 7 in the final section. Just be aware that it is possible to have 2 consonants in the final syllable even though it's not common.
Examples
| Word | Audio |
|---|---|
| 감자 (potato) | |
| 강남 (an area in Seoul) | |
| 같다 (to be the same) | |
| 곧 (soon, shortly) | |
| 깎다 (to cut) | |
| 높다 (to be high) | |
| 다음 (next) | |
| 먹다 (to eat) | |
| 못생기다 (to be ugly) | |
| 부엌 (kitchen) | |
| 불고기 (bulgogi, a Korean dish (food)) | |
| 선생 (teacher) | |
| 성 (family name, last name) | |
| 설렁하다 (to be chilly) | |
| 수업 (class) | |
| 신문 (newspaper) | |
| 알다 (to know) | |
| 어렵다 (to be difficult) | |
| 열리다 (to be opened) | |
| 영화 (movie) | |
| 일본 (Japan) | |
| 잘 (well) | |
| 잡채 (Japchae, name of a Korean dish[food]) | Error: file |
| 출입구 (entrance and exit) | |
| 칼 (knife) | |
| 팔다 (to sell) | |
| 할아버지 (grandfather) |
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