TTMIK nível 6 lição 25 (Brasil)

In this lesson, let us take a look at how to say that something is easy or difficult to do. To say this, you need to use the noun form of verbs, ending with -기. To be easy to + V = -기 쉽다 To be difficult to + V = -기 어렵다 “Verb stem + -기” is a noun form, therefore in principle, there has to be a marker after it, but in the forms above, the marker is dropped. Which markers were dropped? It depends on the context, but -기 쉽다/어렵다 can be either originally -기에 쉽다/어렵다 or originally -기가 쉽다/어렵다. -기에 쉽다/어렵다 When you use the marker -에, it means that something is easy/difficult FOR + V-ing. -기가 쉽다/어렵다 When you use the marker -가, it means that “DOING something” is easy/difficult. Let’s look at some examples. Example #1 제 이름은 발음하기(가) 어려워요. = My name is difficult to pronounce. = As for my name, pronouncing it is difficult. Example #2 이건 만들기(가) 어려워요. = This is difficult to make. = As for this, making it is difficult. Example #3 이건 어린이가 사용하기(에) 어려워요. = This is difficult for a child to use. = Using this is difficult for a child.

• • In this example, since the subject of the verb 사용하다 is 어린이 and 어린이 is followed by -가, the subject marker, it sounds rather repetitive to use -가 again, so in this kind of sentence, people tend to use -에 instead of -가 before 쉬워요/어려워요.

Example #4 사용하기가 쉬워요. = It’s easy to use. 사용하기에 쉬워요. = Using it is easy.

• • In this case, -가 쉬워요 and -에 쉬워요 both work because the sentences are short.

In all of the above sentences, you can drop -가 or -에 from -기가 or -기에. 1. 제 이름은 발음하기가 어려워요. --> 제 이름은 발음하기 어려워요. 2. 이건 만들기가 어려워요. --> 이건 만들기 어려워요. 3. 이건 어린이가 사용하기에 어려워요. --> 이건 어린이가 사용하기 어려워요. 4. 사용하기가 쉬워요. --> 사용하기 쉬워요. 5. 사용하기에 쉬워요. --> 사용하기 쉬워요. Other words can also be used with “Verb stem + -기(가/에)”. Examples -기(가) 편리하다 / -기(에) 편리하다 = to be convenient to + V / to be convenient for + V-ing -기(가) 좋다 / -기(에) 좋다 = to be good to + V / to be good for + V-ing -기(가) 불편하다 / -기(에) 불편하다 = to be inconvenient to + V / to be inconvenient for + V-ing